Antibiotics are the treatment of choice for a confirmed strep throat infection.

• Antibiotics will reduce the time you are contagious. You are usually not contagious 24 to 48 hours after starting antibiotics.
• Antibiotic treatment for strep throat can also help prevent some of the rare complications related either to the strep infection itself or to the body's immune response to the infection. Complications of strep throat are rare but can occur, especially if strep throat is not properly treated.

When antibiotics may be used

Antibiotics may be used in the following situations:

• You have had a positive rapid strep test or positive throat culture.
• You have three of the following signs or symptoms:
  • A recent fever
  • White or yellow spots or coating on the throat or tonsils
  • Swollen or tender lymph nodes on the neck
  • Absence of signs of a cold or other upper respiratory illness, such as coughing or sneezing
• You have recently had rheumatic fever and have been exposed to strep. Preventive antibiotics may be given in some cases.
• Several family members are having repeated strep infections as confirmed by positive throat cultures.

It is possible for you to carry the strep bacteria in the throat and not have any symptoms. Antibiotics for the carrier state are usually not needed unless you have a history of rheumatic fever or frequent infections or infections are occurring frequently in the family.

Medication Choices

Antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalexin, or amoxicillin are used to treat strep throat infection.¹

What To Think About

Immediate treatment with an antibiotic after a positive rapid strep test reduces the length of time you are contagious and reduces the length of the illness by about 8 hours. However, there is no harm in delaying medicine treatment 1 to 2 days to wait for the results of a throat culture. Antibiotics will prevent rheumatic fever even if started up to 9 days after the onset of symptoms.²