Winter Allergies

Sniffles and sneezes are common during the winter months, yet they're not always due to colds and flu. Although people with pollen allergies may find a bit of a reprieve when the weather cools, those with other allergy triggers -- such as mold and dust mites -- can be just as miserable in winter as they are in the spring and summer.

Here are some common causes of winter allergies, and a few tips for managing your symptoms.

What causes winter allergies?

When the mercury dips and your furnace kicks on, it sends the dust, mold spores, and insect parts that have settled over the summer scurrying into the air. All of that stuff can get into your nose, and if you're allergic, can trigger a reaction.

During an allergic response, the immune system goes into overdrive when it comes into contact with pollen, mold, and other allergens. It releases a chemical called histamine, which triggers the watery eyes, runny nose, and other telltale symptoms of an allergy attack.

Because people tend to spend more time inside during the winter months, indoor allergens become bigger problems. Some common indoor allergy triggers are:

• Dust mites. These microscopic bugs flourish in mattresses and bedding. When their droppings and remains become airborne, they can cause allergy symptoms in people who are sensitive to them.
• Mold. This fungus thrives in damp, humid areas such as basements and bathrooms. When its spores get into the air, they can trigger allergy symptoms. Although many people believe they are allergic to Christmas trees, it's actually not the trees, but the mold that can collect on them that is more likely to cause allergy symptoms.
• Animals. They may be our best friends, but pets can become worst enemies to anyone who is allergic to them. Contrary to popular belief, most people are not allergic to animal fur, but rather to a protein found in the dead skin flakes (dander), saliva, and urine. These proteins can get inhaled into the nose and mouth and cause a reaction.
• Perfumes. Getting dressed up for holiday parties often means spritzing on perfume and cologne, which can worsen breathing symptoms and lead to skin reactions in some people with allergies and asthma. Lotions, hairspray, air fresheners, and potpourri can also elicit reactions in people with fragrance allergies.

During the holiday season when people are often traveling and meals are prepared by someone else, food allergies can also be a big issue. The biggest food allergy triggers are:

• Eggs
• Milk
• Peanuts and tree nuts (such as walnuts and hazelnuts)
• Shellfish
• Soy
• Wheat

What are the symptoms of winter allergies?

Allergy symptoms caused by dust, pollen, or mold are referred to as allergic rhinitis (hay fever). These symptoms include:

• Coughing
• Dark circles under the eyes
• Itchy eyes and nose
• Runny nose
• Sneezing
• Watery eyes