Allergies Health Center

There is no cure for allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma. Allergy shots may provide long-term relief of symptoms. Consider the following when making your decision:

• Allergy shots will probably help you. They are effective for most people and can reduce symptoms if you are allergic to pollens, animal dander, dust mites, mold, or cockroaches.¹ Allergy shots may prevent children with allergic rhinitis from getting asthma.¹
• You need to take allergy shots for 3 to 5 years.
• You cannot be sure how long the shots will be effective after you stop getting them. For allergies to some grasses, shots have been effective for 3 or 4 years.¹
• Allergy shots work best when you are allergic to just a few allergens that are difficult to avoid.
• If you have coronary artery disease, are using beta-blockers, are not able to communicate how the shots are working, are pregnant, or have an impaired immune system, allergy shots are not recommended.
• Children may use allergy shots if they have persistent asthma made worse by allergens.
  • Children younger than 2 should not have allergy shots.
  • Children ages 3 to 4 may find it difficult to receive many shots over a long period of time. Talk with your doctor.
  • Your child's asthma needs to be well controlled before he or she gets allergy shots.

What are allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma?

Allergic rhinitis (often called hay fever) occurs when your immune system overreacts to particles in the air that you breathe-you are allergic to them. Your immune system attacks the particles, causing symptoms such as sneezing and a runny nose. The particles are called allergens, which simply means they can cause an allergic reaction.

Asthma is a long-lasting condition that results in difficulty breathing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and coughing. When allergens such as pollens, dust mites, animal dander, cockroaches, and mold make your symptoms worse, it is known as allergic asthma.

What are the risks of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma?

Allergic rhinitis can affect your health if you do not treat it. You may get complications such as sinus infections, plugged ears or ear infections, and sinusitis.

If you do not control allergic asthma, it increases your risk of complications from lung and airway infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia.

What are allergy shots?

When you get allergy shots (immunotherapy), your allergist or doctor injects small doses of substances that you are allergic to (allergens) under your skin. This eventually decreases your reaction to the allergen and, over time, may reduce the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Allergy shots are available for allergies to:

• Pollen (ragweed, grasses, trees).
• Dust mites and cockroaches.
• Animal dander (dog and cat).
• Mold (fungus).

For more specific information about getting allergy shots, see allergy shots for allergic rhinitis or allergy shots for asthma.

For more information, see the topic Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma in Teens and Adults, Asthma in Children, or Allergic Reaction.

Your choices are:

• Try to eliminate or avoid the allergen.
• Continue to take medicine to control your allergy and/or asthma symptoms.
• Get allergy shots in addition to taking medicine to control your symptoms.

The decision about whether to have allergy shots takes into account your personal feelings and the medical facts.

These personal stories may help you make your decision.

Use this worksheet to help you make your decision. After completing it, you should have a better idea of how you feel about taking allergy shots. Discuss the worksheet with your doctor.

Circle the answer that best applies to you.

*NA = Not applicable

Use the following space to list any other important concerns you have about this decision.

What is your overall impression?

Your answers in the above worksheet are meant to give you a general idea of where you stand on this decision. You may have one overriding reason to take or not take allergy shots.

Check the box below that represents your overall impression about your decision.

• Allergic Reaction
• Allergic Rhinitis
• Asthma in Teens and Adults
• Asthma in Children
• Allergy Tests

Citations

1. Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters (2003). Allergen immunotherapy: A practice parameter. Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, 90(1, Suppl 1): S1–S40.