Are You Tanorexic?
Why, despite guaranteed wrinkles and cancer risks, would 30 million Americans visit tanning salons each year? Because many of them are addicted − literally − to UV.
By Elizabeth Flahive
WebMD Feature from "Marie Claire" Magazine
Humor writer David Sedaris was going for the laugh when he dubbed his aggressively sun-kissed sister a "tanorexic" in his 2000 memoir, Me Talk Pretty One Day, as if her greatest affliction were vanity. Now part of the modern lexicon, the term clearly and aptly evokes "anorexia" — which is no laughing matter. Undeterred by skyrocketing skin cancer statistics (the most common cancer affecting women ages 25 to 29) and UV's indisputable aging effects, tan extremists chase the sunbaked look 365 days a year.
"Until five years ago, I didn't pick up sunblock," admits Katherine Bell, 30, a grad student from Pittsburgh, who favored baby oil instead. Even when her husband called out her "fried to a crisp" face after a week in the Bahamas, "it took years to modify my psychotic bronzing behavior. The rush I got from tanning was 100 percent addictive."
This rush is just what the latest medical findings are confirming: that frequent tanning is akin to a drug addiction. Found in sunlight and tanning beds, ultraviolet light (made up of UVA and UVB rays) in fact produces endorphins — chemicals in the brain that create a feeling of euphoria. Researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center studying frequent tanners who'd been given endorphin blockers recorded withdrawal symptoms — namely nausea, dizziness, and the shakes.
Addiction is why tanorexics can't simply slather on self-tanners — just as chain-smokers can't be cured with a stick of gum. Come winter, rather than give up their drug, sunheads (70 percent of them are Caucasian women, ages 16 to 49) hit the tanning salon — which is even more dangerous than overdoing it outdoors. "Tanning lamps emit four times more damaging UVA rays than the sun," explains Manhattan dermatologist Dr. Jody A. Levine. What's more, your risk of melanoma (the most deadly skin cancer) increases 75 percent if you tan indoors before age 35.
"Addicts live in constant fear of fading," notes Dr. Amy Wechsler, MC's "beauty shrink" and a dermatologist and psychiatrist in New York. "Suddenly they feel fatter, older, even sicker. It explains the extremes they go to to keep it up." Mei Lei Leong, a 37-year-old marketing executive, recalls sunbathing in a bikini on the first sunny day of spring, "no matter how cold it was." Lauren Smith, a writer who once tanned indoors four times weekly, points to the fashion factor: "I feel sexier in clothes when I'm tan." And she's not alone, judging from the number of top designers (particularly in Italy) whose natural skin tone we've never known.
But even addicts can occasionally be scared straight. Michael Kors, whose bronzed skin is synonymous with his upscale brand, recently declared that he's switching to self-tanners after discovering a basal-cell carcinoma on his face. "I've cooked my whole life at the beach, but I've learned my lesson," Kors ruefully told the press last April.
"There should be a 12-step program for tanners," suggests Wechsler. "They need to be treated like other addicts." In the short term, switching to a self-tanner is a step in the right direction. "I finally gave up the tanning bed," says Smith. "But I still need the color. So now I have a standing weekly spray-tan appointment."
Originally published on January 8, 2008
