Medical Reference Related to Brain Cancer

131. Cellular Classification and Tumor Biology of Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid / Rhabdoid Tumor
     

     Childhood central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) was first described as a discrete clinical entity in 1987 [ 1 ] due to its pathologic and genetic characteristics. Prior to that,it was often misclassified as a medulloblastoma,primitive neuroectodermal tumor,or choroid plexus carcinoma. The World Health Organization began classifying it as an embryonal grade IV ...

132. Classification of Brain Tumors
     

     Primary brain tumors are a diverse group of diseases that together constitute the most common solid tumor in childhood.

133. Purpose of This PDQ Summary
     

     This PDQ cancer information summary for health professionals provides peer-reviewed,evidence-based information about the treatment of select childhood brain and spinal cord tumors.

134. Classification of Spinal Cord Tumors
     

     Primary central nervous system spinal cord tumors comprise approximately 1% to 2% of all childhood nervous system tumors.

135. More Information
     

     ABOUT PDQ PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database. Full description of the NCI PDQ database. ADDITIONAL PDQ SUMMARIES PDQ® Cancer Information Summaries: Adult Treatment Treatment options for adult cancers. PDQ® Cancer Information Summaries: Pediatric Treatment Treatment options for childhood cancers. PDQ® Cancer Information Summaries: Supportive Care Side effects of cancer treatment,...

136. Treatment Option Overview
     

     Many of the improvements in survival in childhood cancer have been made as a result of clinical trials that have attempted to improve on the best available,accepted therapy. Clinical trials in pediatrics are designed to compare new therapy with therapy that is currently accepted as standard. This comparison may be done in a randomized study of 2 treatment arms or by evaluating a single new ...

137. Cellular Classification
     

     Childhood visual pathway and hypothalamic gliomas are usually low-grade (grades 1 and 2) astrocytomas. Both pilocytic astrocytomas and fibrillary astrocytomas may occur. The pilomyxoid variant of pilocytic astrocytoma occurs in the visual pathway and may be a more aggressive variant and more likely to disseminate.[ 1 ] Visual pathway gliomas include astrocytic tumors of the optic nerve,optic ...

138. Get More Information From NCI
     

     This information summary for health professionals provides comprehensive, peer-reviewed, evidence-based information about the treatment of Childhood Cerebellar Astrocytoma.

139. Stage Information
     

     There is no universally accepted staging system for visual pathway and hypothalamic gliomas. They are low-grade astrocytomas that grow slowly and may occur anywhere along the optic tracts. Visual pathway gliomas are found with increased frequency in patients with neurofibromatosis. The major clinical symptoms are visual. Tumors may also arise in the hypothalamus; in large infiltrating ...

140. Cellular Classification
     

     The classification of brain tumors is based on both histopathologic characteristics and location in the brain.