Cellular Classification
Adrenocortical carcinoma can be classified as follows:
- Differentiated: Functioning tumors are usually differentiated.
- Anaplastic: Production of hormones by anaplastic tumors is rare.
- Hormonal: Approximately 60% of adrenocortical carcinomas produce hormones. The associated clinical syndromes include the following:[1,2,3]
- Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome).
- Adrenogenital syndrome.
- Virilization.
- Feminization.
- Precocious puberty.
- Hyperaldosteronism.
- Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome).
References:
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- Javadpour N, Woltering EA, Brennan MF: Adrenal neoplasms. Curr Probl Surg 17 (1): 1-52, 1980.
- Nader S, Hickey RC, Sellin RV, et al.: Adrenal cortical carcinoma. A study of 77 cases. Cancer 52 (4): 707-11, 1983.
- Norton JA: Adrenal tumors. In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds.: Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005, pp 1528-39.
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