Cancer Health Center

Tests are used to screen for different types of cancer.

Some screening tests are used because they have been shown to be helpful both in finding cancers early and in decreasing the chance of dying from these cancers. Other tests are used because they have been shown to find cancer in some people; however, it has not been proven in clinical trials that use of these tests will decrease the risk of dying from cancer.

Scientists study screening tests to find those with the fewest risks and most benefits. Cancer screening trials also are meant to show whether early detection (finding cancer before it causes symptoms) decreases a person's chance of dying from the disease. For some types of cancer, the chance of recovery is better if the disease is found and treated at an early stage.

Information about ongoing clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site.

There is no standard or routine screening test for testicular cancer.

There is no standard or routine screening test used for early detection of testicular cancer. Most often, testicular cancer is first found by men themselves, either by chance or during self-exam. Sometimes the cancer is found by a doctor during a routine physical exam. No studies have been done to find out if testicular self-exams or regular exams by a doctor would decrease the risk of dying from this disease.

Routine screening probably would not decrease the risk of dying from testicular cancer, partly because it can usually be cured at any stage. However, finding testicular cancer early may make it easier to treat. Less chemotherapy and surgery may be needed, resulting in fewer side effects.

Men with a history of testicular cancer have an increased risk of developing second cancers.

Men who have already had testicular cancer have a higher risk of developing a tumor in the other testicle or in other parts of the body. There is an increased risk of second cancers for at least 35 years after treatment for testicular cancer. Lifelong follow-up exams are very important for men who have been treated for testicular cancer.