In most cases, the first sign of testicular cancer is a change in the size or shape of one or both testicles (testes). Often this change does not cause pain, though pain may be present. If unnoticed or untreated, testicular cancer may spread (metastasize) to other areas of the body.

After you are diagnosed with testicular cancer, you and your health professional will begin planning your treatment. Nearly all men with testicular cancer begin treatment with the surgical removal of the affected testicle(s), a procedure called a radical inguinal orchiectomy. Removing the affected testicle helps your doctor determine the type of cancer cells present and whether your cancer has spread beyond the testes (stage).

After the removal of the affected testicle, your treatment plan may involve watchful waiting, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or additional surgery. This depends on your choices, the type of cancer cells involved, and the stage of your cancer.

Testicular cancer is one of the most curable forms of cancer, especially during its early stages. If you have symptoms of testicular cancer, it is important that you see a health professional as soon as possible.