Flu Treatment: Antibiotics or Not?

Looking for an effective flu treatment and wondering if antibiotics will work? Antibiotics are medications that fight infections caused by bacteria.

Chances are that antibiotics will not help your flu symptoms. That's because flu, colds, and most sore throats and bronchitis are caused by viruses. In addition, taking antibiotics when you have a virus may do more harm than good. Taking antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Why won't antibiotics cure my cold or flu?

Antibiotics only cure certain infections due to bacteria -- and if taken carelessly, you may get more serious health problems than you bargained for.

With any illness, it is critical to address the underlying cause of the illness, whether it's bacterial or viral. Antibiotics will not kill cold or flu viruses, most coughs and acute bronchitis (chest colds), sore throats not caused by strep, or runny noses.

Should I avoid antibiotics altogether?

Not at all. Antibiotics can save people's lives, and if you need them, you should get them as quickly as you can. Since only your doctor can prescribe antibiotics, this means that you should talk to your doctor if your think you might need antibiotics (as opposed to taking your friend's leftover antibiotics from last winter's illness).

However, it is the grave over-reliance and inappropriate use of antibiotics that have contributed to the global antibiotic resistance crisis that we face.

A recent study by the CDC showed that many adults believe that if they are sick enough to see a doctor for a cold, they should get an antibiotic treatment. The study also showed that patients are not aware of the consequences of taking the drugs if they are not needed. But when antibiotics are misused, bacteria can become resistant.

What are antivirals?

Antivirals are flu drugs that are taken at the onset of flu. These flu drugs help decrease the severity and duration of flu symptoms.

Which antivirals does the CDC recommend for 2007-2008 flu season?

The CDC recommends Tamiflu and Relenza. They are most effective when given within 48 hours of the onset of illness. These flu drugs can decrease the duration of the flu by 1 to 2 days if used within this early time period. These antivirals are usually given for a period of about 5-7 days. It's unclear whether these drugs can prevent complications of the flu.

Tamiflu is approved for prevention and treatment in people 1 year old and older. Relenza is approved for treatment of people 7 years old and older and for prevention in people 5 years old and older.

Are there side effects with antiviral drugs?

Side effects of antiviral drugs may include nervousness, poor concentration, nausea, and vomiting. Relenza is not recommended for people with a history of breathing problems, such as asthma, because it may cause a worsening of breathing problems. Discuss side effects with your doctor.