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Childhood Immunizations and Vaccines
Immunizations and vaccines are the best defense against dangerous childhood diseases. To find out when your child should get specific immunizations, choose from the list.

Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis Immunization
Hepatitis A Immunization
Hepatitis B Immunization
H. influenzae type b (Hib) Immunization
Influenza Immunization
Measles/Mumps/Rubella (MMR) Immunization
Pneumococcus (PCV7) Immunization
Chickenpox (Varicella, Var) Immunization
Rotavirus (RV) Immunization
Polio (IPV) Immunization
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Immunization
Meningococcal (MPSV4/MCV4) Immunization

Diphtheria/Tetanus/Pertussis (DTaP) -- Four-Dose Series

2-4 months:
The first two doses are given at 2 and 4 months old.

4-6 months:
The third dose is given at 6 months.

12-18 months / 4-6 years:
The fourth dose is usually given between 15 and 18 months. However, it can be given as early as 12 months, as long as six months have passed since the third dose. The fourth dose should be given, at the latest, between 4 to 6 years.

Tetanus, Diphtheria and Pertussis (Tdap) -- One Dose

11-12 years:
One booster dose is recommended at age 11 or 12 if the child has completed the DTaP series (see above) and has not yet received a tetanus and diphtheria toxiods booster vaccine (Td) for any reason (such as a traumatic injury).

13-18 years:
Teens who missed getting a tetanus and diphtheria toxiods booster vaccine (Td) or Tdap booster at age 11-12 should also receive a single dose of Tdap if they have completed the recommended childhood DTaP vaccination series.

Td boosters are recommended every 10 years throughout adulthood.

Hepatitis A (Hep A) -- Two-Dose Series

12-23 months:
Two-dose series given at age 1 (between 12 and 23 months) -- given at least 6 months apart.

Children who have not been vaccinated by age 2 can receive this immunization at subsequent visits.

2-18 years:
Some states, counties, and communities recommend a single dose between 2 to 18 years if the child hasn't received the series as an infant. Check with your doctor or health department for local recommendations.

Hepatitis B (Hep B) -- Three-Dose Series

Birth:
The first dose is given soon after birth and before hospital discharge.

1-2 months:
The second dose is given at least one month later, between 1-2 months.

4 months:
A dose at 4 months may be required if combination vaccines were used after the birth dose.

6-18 months:
The final dose is given between 24 weeks (6 months) and 18 months.

2-18 years:
A three-dose series is given to all children under 18 who didn't get the vaccine as infants.

H. influenzae type b (Hib) -- Two-Dose Series

2-4 months:
The first dose is given at 2 months and the second at 4 months.

Influenza -- One Dose Annually

6 months and up
This vaccine is recommended annually for all children aged 6 months and up and close contacts of all children aged 6-59 months.

Children younger than 9 years old who receive the vaccine for the first time should get a second dose of flu vaccine. The second dose is given at least four weeks after the first.

Measles/Mumps/Rubella (MMR) -- Two-Dose Series

12-15 months
The first dose can be given between 12 and 15 months.

4 - 6 years:
The second dose can be given one month after the first dose. However, the second dose is typically given between 4 to 6 years.

Pneumococcus (PCV7) -- Four-Dose Series

2-4 months:
The first two doses of PCV7 are given at 2 and 4 months.

4-6 months:
The third dose of PCV7 is given at 6 months.

12-15 months:
The fourth dose of PCV7 is given at 12 to 15 months.

2-5 years:
Children from 2 to 5 years with high-risk diseases such as sickle cell disease, HIV, and other immune-system-compromising diseases should receive the PCV7 series if they didn't receive it as an infant.

Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV) -- One Dose

2 years and up:
High-risk children should also get one dose of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV).

Chickenpox (Varicella, Var)

12-15 months:
One dose is given after the first birthday, usually at 12 to 15 months.

4-6 years:
The second dose is given at 4-6 years.

Rotavirus (RV) -- Three-Dose Series

2-3 months:
The first dose is given between 6 to 12 weeks.

4 months:
The second dose is given at 4 months.

6-8 months:
The third dose is given at 6 months, and all three doses should be given no later than 8 months (32 weeks).

Polio (IPV) -- Four-Dose Series*

2-4 months:
The first two doses of injectable polio vaccine are given at 2 and 4 months old.

6-18 months:
The third dose is given between 6 and 18 months old.

4-6 years:
The fourth dose is given at 4-6 years old.

*Because of the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic polio, oral polio vaccine should be used only under special circumstances; check with your doctor.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) -- Four-Dose Series

11-12 years (or 9 years):
The first dose is recommended at 11-12 years old. Doctors may give it to girls as young as 9 years old. The second dose is given two months after the first dose, and the third dose is given six months after the first dose.

Catch-Up Vaccination:
The vaccine is also recommended for girls and women 13-26 years old who did not receive it when they were younger. No booster doses are recommended at this time. The HPV vaccine may be given at the same time as other vaccines.

Meningococcal (MPSV4 or MCV4) -- One Dose

2 Years and up
This vaccine immunizes against invasive meningococcal disease. MPSV4 is used in children (2-10 years old) with certain immune disorders and in other high-risk groups. The CDC recommends MCV4 for all children age 11-18. Either meningococcal vaccine can be given to previously unvaccinated college freshman living in dormitories, another high-risk group. Ask your child's doctor whether your child should get this vaccine.


MEDICAL REVIEW: Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD, February 2007

SOURCE DOCUMENTATION: Sources: American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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LEGAL DISCLAIMER: This tool is for general information purposes only and does not address individual circumstances. It may not be right for you and should not be relied upon in making decisions about your health. Always consult your doctor for medical advice.

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