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Cholesterol

Cholesterol is an important fatlike substance (lipid) that is made in the liver and is necessary for the body to function. It also is found in foods made from animal products (meat and dairy products).

Cells need cholesterol to function. However, excess cholesterol in the blood builds up in blood vessels and may lead to hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis), heart disease, and stroke. People who have diabetes are at higher risk of developing atherosclerosis.

There are two main forms of cholesterol:

  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is called "bad cholesterol." Most efforts to lower cholesterol are aimed at reducing levels of LDL.
  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is called "good cholesterol." It can help remove excess cholesterol from the blood vessels.

The cholesterol level can be checked with a blood test. If it is too high, lifestyle changes (such as diet changes and exercise) may help lower it. Some people may need medication to lower their cholesterol levels and reduce their risk of heart disease.

Author Jeannette Curtis
Author Caroline Rea, RN, BS, MS
Editor Kathleen M. Ariss, MS
Editor Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA
Associate Editor Tracy Landauer
Associate Editor Pat Truman
Primary Medical Reviewer Patrice Burgess, MD
- Family Medicine
Primary Medical Reviewer Adam Husney, MD
- Family Medicine
Primary Medical Reviewer Kathleen Romito, MD
- Family Medicine
Last Updated May 25, 2007

WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise

Last Updated: May 25, 2007
This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information.