Fanconi anemia

Fanconi anemia is an inherited blood disorder that causes a decreased number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (pancytopenia), birth defects, and an increased risk for cancer. The disease may also cause problems with the heart or kidneys and abnormalities of the arms and legs.

Children and adults with Fanconi anemia usually have short stature, and other growth measurements may also be below normal. Other common problems include bleeding episodes and easy bruising, hormonal problems, and infertility.

Fanconi anemia is usually diagnosed during childhood, and many children with this disease do not survive beyond young adulthood.

There is no treatment for the underlying cause of Fanconi anemia. Genetic testing is recommended to identify carriers of the disease and help guide decisions about having children.