SOURCES:
American Academy of Pain Medicine. AAPM Facts & Figures on Pain.
American Pain Foundation. Pain Resource Guide: Getting the Help You Need. Revised June 2009.
American Pain Foundation. Treatment Options: A Guide for People Living with Pain.
Bajwa, ZH, Warfield, CA, Wooton, RJ. Overview of the treatment of chronic pain. UpToDate, 2008.
Ballantyne, JC. Opioids for chronic nonterminal pain. Southern Medical Journal 2006; 99(11): 1245-1255.
Chronic Pain Foundation. Chronic Pain and Relationships.
Chronic Pain Foundation. Chronic Pain and Sexuality.
Clark, M. Managing chronic pain, depression and antidepressants: issues and relationships. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, 2008.
Clark, M. Benefits and risks of opioids in arthritis management. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, 2008.
Dick, Bruce. Disruption of Attention and Working Memory Traces in Individuals with Chronic Pain. Anesth Analg 2007;104:1223–9.
ICSI health care guideline: assessment and management of chronic pain, 2nd ed. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, 2007.
Jann, MW, Slade, JH. Antidepressant agents for the treatment of chronic pain and depression. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27(11):1571-1587.
Lillefjell, M, Krokstad, S, Espnes, GA. Prediction of function in daily life following multidisciplinary rehabilitation for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a prospective study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2007.
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. "Acupuncture and Pain." Updated August 2010.
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Massage Therapy: An Introduction. Updated August 2010
National Pain Foundation. Using Complementary Therapy.
Ohayon, MM, Schatzberg, AF. Using chronic pain to predict depressive morbidity in the general population. Arch Gen Psych 2003; 60(10):39-47.
Tsao, JCI. Effectiveness of massage therapy for chronic, nonmalignant pain: a review. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2007; 4(2):165-179.
