Infant and child car seats save lives. The laws in each state are different. Most states require them for all children under age 4 and those weighing less than 40lb. But some states require car seats to be used for children up to age 6 or 60lb.

A child who is not in a car seat can be seriously injured or killed during a crash or an abrupt stop, even at low speeds. A parent's arms are not strong enough to hold and protect a baby during a car accident. Many unrestrained children die because they are torn from an adult's arms during an accident.

Set a good example for your children by always wearing your own seat belt, and always insist that they buckle up.

Requirements for car seats

Buy a car seat appropriate for your child's current weight and age:

• Use an infant car seat that reclines and faces the rear until your baby is at least 1 year of age and weighs at least 20lb. See a picture of a rear-facing car seat.
• Use a toddler seat that faces the front and has a shield or harness for babies and children older than 1 year and weighing more than 20lb to 40lb. Some infant seats can be converted into toddler seats. See a picture of a front-facing car seat.
• Use a booster seat for children older than age 4 and weighing more than 40lb until they weigh at least 80lb. This raises the child and allows him or her to see out of the window. Use regular lap and shoulder belts. Adjust the shoulder belt to fit across the shoulder, not the neck. See a picture of a booster seat.

Never buy a used car seat. If a car seat has been in an accident or misused, it may not fully protect your baby.

Proper positioning

The safest position for your baby or child is in the back, middle seat of the car.

• Do not place your child's car seat in the front seat of any vehicle with a passenger side air bag that cannot be turned off.
• Do not allow anyone younger than age 13 to sit in the front seat of any vehicle with a passenger side air bag that cannot be turned off.

For maximum safety, follow the manufacturer's recommendations for car seat use, which should include weight guidelines, installation procedures, and how to position and secure your child. Cars manufactured since September 2002 are equipped with a standardized car safety seat attachment system. This feature allows parents to secure the car seat onto a permanently installed hook. Also, some newer cars are available with built-in car seats to accommodate children between 20lb and 40lb.

Do not let your child get out of his or her seat while the car is moving. If your child is crying, stop the car, take the child out of the seat, take care of his or her needs, and put him or her back into the seat before the car starts moving again. If cries start again soon after, stop and check the child again.