Water: A Fluid Way to Manage Constipation

Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD, June 19, 2007 .

Are you seeking natural ways to relieve chronic constipation, but are too embarrassed to ask your doctor? Chronic constipation is one of the most common GI ailments in the U.S. While millions of Americans self-medicate by using over-the-counter laxatives, perhaps the simplest ways to manage chronic constipation is to drink plenty of fluids daily, eat dietary fiber, and exercise. Below are the answers to some common questions about chronic constipation, and how fluids can help or worsen the condition.

What causes chronic constipation?

Many things can cause chronic constipation, including medications, a poor diet, travel, irritable bowel syndrome, and pregnancy. But dehydration is one of the most common causes. After the food you eat is processed in the small intestine, it travels to the large intestine, or colon. If you do not have enough water in your body -- if you're dehydrated -- the large intestine soaks up water from your food waste. This results in hard stools that are difficult to pass.

How important is water for regular and easy bowel movements?

Water makes up approximately 60% of your body's weight. By lubricating the intestines and the food we eat, water can help prevent and alleviate chronic constipation by facilitating the flow of food though the intestines.

How do I prevent myself from becoming dehydrated?

Dehydration happens when the body eliminates more fluids than it absorbs. Drinking inadequate hydrating fluids during exercise, hot weather, or daily activities can cause the body to use up its stored water. To prevent dehydration, watch the amount of fluid you drink, listen to your body, and drink more liquids during exercise and hot weather.

Does drinking fluids cure chronic constipation?

While drinking more liquids does not cure constipation, added fluids help keep the stool soft and easy to pass.

How much fluid is enough for relieving chronic constipation?

Most experts say "let your body be your guide" when it comes to thirst. The Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board recommends that women consume 91 ounces of water each day from beverages and foods; men need to consume 125 ounces daily. Remember, this recommendation includes fluids in the foods you eat -- so don't overdo a good thing! Talk to your doctor about how much water is good for you. People with certain medical conditions may need to limit their fluid intake. In general, for healthy, average individuals, eight cups a day is a good guideline, but some people may need more fluid and others less.

Is water the only fluid that is hydrating?

No. Although drinking water is the best source of hydration, drinking fruit and vegetable juices, clear soups, and herbal teas are also good sources of fluid.

Are there any fluids that need to be avoided?

Yes. Avoid alcohol and caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and cola drinks. These are diuretics, which eliminate water from your body and contribute to dehydration.

SOURCES: American Academy of Family Physicians: "Constipation: Keeping Your Bowels Moving Smoothly." The Mayo Clinic: "Dehydration," and "Water: How Much Should You Drink Every day." National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC): "Constipation." NDDIC: "What I Need to Know About Constipation." WebMD Feature: "Feel Your Best With Water."