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Berry GT, Steiner RD. Long-term management of patients with urea cycle disorders. J Pediatr 2001;138:S56-61. View abstract.
Carpenter TO, Levy HL, Holtrop ME, et al. Lysinuric protein intolerance presenting as childhood osteoporosis. Clinical and skeletal response to citrulline therapy. New Engl J Med 1985;312:290-4. View abstract.
Collins JK, Wu G, Perkins-Veazie P, et al. Watermelon consumption increases plasma arginine concentrations in adults. Nutrition 2007;23:261-6. View abstract.
Curis E, Nicolis I, Moinard C, et al. Almost all about citrulline in mammals. Amino Acids 2005;29:177-205. View abstract.
Hayashi T, Juliet PAR, Matsui-Hirai H, et al. L-citrulline and L-arginine supplementation retards the progression of high-cholesterol-diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005;102:13681-6. View abstract.
Hickner RC, Tanner CJ, Evans CA, et al. L-citrulline reduces time to exhaustion and insulin response to a graded exercise test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006;38:660-6. View abstract.
Mandel H, Levy N, Izkovitch S, Korman SH. Elevated plasma citrulline and arginine due to consumption of Citrullus vulgaris (watermelon). J Inherit Metab Dis 2005;28:467-72. View abstract.
Moinard C, Nicolis I, Neveux N, et al. Dose-ranging effects of citrulline administration on plasma amino acids and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects: the Citrudose pharmacokinetic study. Br J Nutr 2008;99:855-62. View abstract.
Osowska S, Duchemann T, Walrand S, et al. Citrulline modulates muscle protein metabolism in old malnourished rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006;291:E582-6. View abstract.
Osowska S, Moinard C, Neveux N, et al. Citrulline increases arginine pools and restores nitrogen balance after massive intestinal resection. Gut 2004;53:1781-6. View abstract.
Romero MJ, Platt DH, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2006;24:275-90. View abstract.
Ruiz E, Del Rio M, Somoza B, et al. L-citrulline, the by-product of nitric oxide synthesis, decreases vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1999;290:310-3. View abstract.
Ruiz E, Tejerina T. Relaxant effects of L-citrulline in rabbit vascular smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 1998;125:186-92. View abstract.
Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Freese R, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65:51-9. View abstract.
Smith HA, Canter JA, Christian KG, et al. Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;132:58-65. View abstract.
Tremblay GC. Ornithine or citrulline therapy in treatment of Reye's syndrome (letter). New Engl J Med 1975;292:160-1. View abstract.
Waugh WH, Daeschner CW 3rd, Files BA, et al. Oral citrulline as arginine precursor may be beneficial in sickle cell disease: early phase two results. J Natl Med Assoc 2001;93:363-71. View abstract.
Azizi S, Mahdavi R, Mobasseri M, Aliasgharzadeh S, Abbaszadeh F, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The impact of L-citrulline supplementation on glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, and some inflammatory factors in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res. 2021;35(6):3157-3166. View abstract.
Bailey SJ, Blackwell JR, Lord T, et al. l-Citrulline supplementation improves O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise performance in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015;119:385-95. View abstract.
Balderas-Munoz K, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation. Cardiol J 2012;19:612-7. View abstract.
Barr FE, Tirona RG, Taylor MB, et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenously administered citrulline in children undergoing congenital heart surgery: potential therapy for postoperative pulmonary hypertension. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007;134:319-26. View abstract.
Berry GT, Steiner RD. Long-term management of patients with urea cycle disorders. J Pediatr 2001;138:S56-61. View abstract.
Carpenter TO, Levy HL, Holtrop ME, et al. Lysinuric protein intolerance presenting as childhood osteoporosis. Clinical and skeletal response to citrulline therapy. New Engl J Med 1985;312:290-4. View abstract.
Cheng JW, Balwin SN. L-arginine in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:755-64. View abstract.
Collins JK, Wu G, Perkins-Veazie P, et al. Watermelon consumption increases plasma arginine concentrations in adults. Nutrition 2007;23:261-6. View abstract.
Cormio L, De Siati M, Lorusso F, et al. Oral L-citrulline supplementation improves erection hardness in men with mild erectile dysfunction. Urology 2011;77:119-22. View abstract.
Curis E, Nicolis I, Moinard C, et al. Almost all about citrulline in mammals. Amino Acids 2005;29:177-205. View abstract.
Cutrufello PT, Gadomski SJ, Zavorsky GS. The effect of l-citrulline and watermelon juice supplementation on anaerobic and aerobic exercise performance. J Sports Sci 2015;33:1459-66. View abstract.
Divito B, McLaughlin M, Jacobs I. The Effects of L-Citrulline on Blood-Lactate Removal Kinetics Following Maximal-Effort Exercise. J Diet Suppl. 2021:1-13. View abstract.
Figueroa A, Trivino JA, Sanchez-Gonzalez MA, Vicil F. Oral L-citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure response to cold pressor test in young men. Am J Hypertens 2010;23:12-6. View abstract.
Hafner P, Bonati U, Klein A, et al. Effect of combination L-citrulline and metformin treatment on motor function in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2(10):e1914171. View abstract.
Hanff E, Hafner P, Bollenbach A, et al. Effects of single and combined metformin and L-citrulline supplementation on L-arginine-related pathways in Becker muscular dystrophy patients: possible biochemical and clinical implications. Amino Acids. 2018;50(10):1391-1406. View abstract.
Hayashi T, Juliet PAR, Matsui-Hirai H, et al. L-citrulline and L-arginine supplementation retards the progression of high-cholesterol-diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005;102:13681-6. View abstract.
Hickner RC, Tanner CJ, Evans CA, et al. L-citrulline reduces time to exhaustion and insulin response to a graded exercise test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006;38:660-6. View abstract.
Hwang P, Morales Marroquín FE, Gann J, et al. Eight weeks of resistance training in conjunction with glutathione and L-Citrulline supplementation increases lean mass and has no adverse effects on blood clinical safety markers in resistance-trained males. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018;15(1):30. View abstract.
Kameda N, Okigawa T, Kimura T, et al. The effect of L-citrulline ingestion on ECG QT
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Mandel H, Levy N, Izkovitch S, Korman SH. Elevated plasma citrulline and arginine due to consumption of Citrullus vulgaris (watermelon). J Inherit Metab Dis 2005;28:467-72. View abstract.
Martínez-Sánchez A, Alacid F, Rubio-Arias JA, Fernández-Lobato B, Ramos-Campo DJ, Aguayo E. Consumption of watermelon juice enriched in l-citrulline and pomegranate ellagitannins enhanced metabolism during physical exercise. J Agric Food Chem 2017;65(22):4395-4404. View abstract.
McKinley-Barnard S, Andre T, Morita M, Willoughby DS. Combined L-citrulline and glutathione supplementation increases the concentration of markers indicative of nitric oxide synthesis. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015;12:27. View abstract.
Mirenayat MS, Moradi S, Mohammadi H, Rouhani MH. Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(11):98. View abstract.
Moinard C, Nicolis I, Neveux N, et al. Dose-ranging effects of citrulline administration on plasma amino acids and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects: the Citrudose pharmacokinetic study. Br J Nutr 2008;99:855-62. View abstract.
Nguyen S, Rajfer J, Shaheen M. Safety and efficacy of daily Revactin in men with erectile dysfunction: a 3-month pilot study. Transl Androl Urol. 2018;7(2):266-73. View abstract.
Ochiai M, Hayashi T, Morita M, et al. Short-term effects of L-citrulline supplementation on arterial stiffness in middle-aged men. Int J Cardiol 2012;155:257-61. View abstract.
Orozco-Gutiérrez JJ, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiol J 2010;17:612-8. View abstract.
Osowska S, Duchemann T, Walrand S, et al. Citrulline modulates muscle protein metabolism in old malnourished rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006;291:E582-6. View abstract.
Osowska S, Moinard C, Neveux N, et al. Citrulline increases arginine pools and restores nitrogen balance after massive intestinal resection. Gut 2004;53:1781-6. View abstract.
Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24:1215-22. View abstract.
Rhim HC, Kim SJ, Park J, Jang KM. Effect of citrulline on post-exercise rating of perceived exertion, muscle soreness, and blood lactate levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci. 2020;9(6):553-561. View abstract.
Romero MJ, Platt DH, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2006;24:275-90. View abstract.
Ruiz E, Del Rio M, Somoza B, et al. L-citrulline, the by-product of nitric oxide synthesis, decreases vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1999;290:310-3. View abstract.
Ruiz E, Tejerina T. Relaxant effects of L-citrulline in rabbit vascular smooth muscle. Br J Pharmacol 1998;125:186-92. View abstract.
Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Freese R, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65:51-9. View abstract.
Sharif Kashani B, Tahmaseb Pour P, Malekmohammad M, et al. Oral l-citrulline malate in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome: a clinical trial. J Cardiol 2014;64:231-5. View abstract.
Shirai M, Miyoshi Y, Ogasa T, et al. Oral Testofen, L-Citrulline, Resveratrol, and Caffeine Supplement Drink Improves Sexual Function in Men with Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Pilot Study. World J Mens Health. 2021;39(4):733-739. View abstract.
Smith HA, Canter JA, Christian KG, et al. Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;132:58-65. View abstract.
Sureda A, Córdova A, Ferrer MD, et al. L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010;110:341-51. View abstract.
Suzuki I, Sakuraba K, Horiike T, et al. A combination of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine improved 10-min full-power cycling test performance in male collegiate soccer players: a randomized crossover trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019;119(5):1075-84. View abstract.
Suzuki T, Morita M, Kobayashi Y, Kamimura A. Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2016;13:6. View abstract.
Tremblay GC. Ornithine or citrulline therapy in treatment of Reye's syndrome (letter). New Engl J Med 1975;292:160-1. View abstract.
Valaei K, Mehrabani J, Wong A. Effects of L-citrulline supplementation on nitric oxide and antioxidant markers after high-intensity interval exercise in young men: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2021:1-23. View abstract.
Vårvik FT, Bjørnsen T, Gonzalez AM. Acute Effect of Citrulline Malate on Repetition Performance During Strength Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2021;31(4):350-358. View abstract.
Vors C, Rancourt-Bouchard M, Couillard C, Gigleux I, Couture P, Lamarche B. Sex May Modulate the Effects of Combined Polyphenol Extract and L-citrulline Supplementation on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Adults with Prehypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021;13(2):399. View abstract.
Waugh WH, Daeschner CW 3rd, Files BA, et al. Oral citrulline as arginine precursor may be beneficial in sickle cell disease: early phase two results. J Natl Med Assoc 2001;93:363-71. View abstract.
Xu Z, Liu C, Liu S, Zhou Z. Comparison of efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and PDE5Is alone or combination in treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Andrologia. 2021:e14007. View abstract.