Adverse Event Report. Jack3d. Natural MedWatch, May 28, 2011.
Cohen PA, Travis JC, and Venhuis BJ. A synthetic stimulant never tested in humans, 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (DMBA), is identified in multiple dietary supplements. Drug Test Analysis.,10-8-2014.
Farney TM, McCarthy C, Canale RE, et al. Hemodynamic and hematologic profile of health adults ingesting dietary supplements containing 1,3-dimethylamylamine and caffeine. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:1-12.
FDA challenges marketing of DMAA products for lack of safety evidence. US Food and Drug Administration, April 27, 2012. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm302133.htm
Gee P, Jackson S, Easton J. Another bitter pill: a case of toxicity from DMAA party pills. N Z Med J 2010;123:124-7. View abstract.
Material Safety Data Sheet. 1,3-Dimethylbutylamine, 98%. https://www.fishersci.ca/viewmsds.do?catNo=AC314700050.
McCarthy C, Canale RE, Alleman RJ, et al. Biochemical and anthropometric effects of a weight loss dietary supplement in health men and women. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:13-22.
McCarthy C, Farney TM, Canale RE, et al. A finished dietary supplement stimulates lipolysis and metabolic rate in young men and women. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:23-31.
Removal of the dietary supplement DMAA. Army Medicine, Office of the Surgeon General, 2011. Available at: https://humanperformanceresourcecenter.org/dietary-supplements/files/dmaa-pdf. (Accessed 4 January 2012).
SWANSON EE, CHEN KK. Comparison of pressor action of alicyclic derivatives of aliphatic amines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1948 Aug;93(4):423-9. View abstract.
. Food and Drug Administration. DMBA in dietary supplements. https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/dmba-dietary-supplements. Updated November 29, 2017. Accessed November 16, 2019.
Adverse Event Report. Jack3d. Natural MedWatch, May 28, 2011.
Archer JR, Dargan PI, Lostia AM, van der Walt J, Henderson K, Drake N, Sharma S, Wood DM, Walker CJ, Kicman AT. Running an unknown risk: a marathon death associated with the use of 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Drug Test Anal. 2015 May;7(5):433-8. View abstract.
Cohen PA, Travis JC, and Venhuis BJ. A synthetic stimulant never tested in humans, 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (DMBA), is identified in multiple dietary supplements. Drug Test Analysis.,10-8-2014.
Cohen PA, Travis JC, Keizers PHJ, Deuster P, Venhuis BJ. Four experimental stimulants found in sports and weight loss supplements: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) and 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA). Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2018;56(6):421-6. View abstract.
Eliason MJ, Eichner A, Cancio A, Bestervelt L, Adams BD, Deuster PA. Case reports: Death of active duty soldiers following ingestion of dietary supplements containing 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Mil Med. 2012 Dec;177(12):1455-9. View abstract.
Farney TM, McCarthy C, Canale RE, et al. Hemodynamic and hematologic profile of health adults ingesting dietary supplements containing 1,3-dimethylamylamine and caffeine. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:1-12.
FDA challenges marketing of DMAA products for lack of safety evidence. US Food and Drug Administration, April 27, 2012. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm302133.htm
Gee P, Jackson S, Easton J. Another bitter pill: a case of toxicity from DMAA party pills. N Z Med J 2010;123:124-7. View abstract.
Liu Y, Santillo MF. Cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4 enzyme inhibition by amine stimulants in dietary supplements. Drug Test Anal. 2016;8(3-4):307-10. View abstract.
Material Safety Data Sheet. 1,3-Dimethylbutylamine, 98%. https://www.fishersci.ca/viewmsds.do?catNo=AC314700050.
McCarthy C, Canale RE, Alleman RJ, et al. Biochemical and anthropometric effects of a weight loss dietary supplement in health men and women. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:13-22.
McCarthy C, Farney TM, Canale RE, et al. A finished dietary supplement stimulates lipolysis and metabolic rate in young men and women. Nutr Metab Insights 2012;5:23-31.
Palmer PG Jr. Deadly dimethylamylamine: "health" supplements are killing consumers while current regulations impede FDA action. J Leg Med. 2014;35(2):311-36. View abstract.
Removal of the dietary supplement DMAA. Army Medicine, Office of the Surgeon General, 2011. Available at: https://humanperformanceresourcecenter.org/dietary-supplements/files/dmaa-pdf. (Accessed 4 January 2012).
Starling S. Synthetic geranium substance raises ephedra-like red flags. Nutraingredients-use.com, May 11, 2010. Available at: https://www.nutraingredients-usa.com/Industry/Synthetic-geranium-substance-raises-ephedra-like-red-flags. (Accessed 12 August 2011).
SWANSON EE, CHEN KK. Comparison of pressor action of alicyclic derivatives of aliphatic amines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1948 Aug;93(4):423-9. View abstract.
Vorce SP, Holler JM, Cawrse BM, Magluilo J. Dimethylamylamine: A drug causing positive immunoassay results for amphetamines. J Anal Toxicol 2011;35:183-7. View abstract.
World Anti-Doping Agency. Prohibited list - January 2019. Available at: https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/wada_2019_english_prohibited_list.pdf. Accessed September 24, 2019.