Phototherapy is the process of using ultraviolet (UV) light to treat eczema. This is the same type of light found in sunlight, but it's been altered to remove the wavelengths that are damaging to your skin. The light that remains is usually narrow band UVB rays, although other types of light such as UVA can be used. When your skin is exposed to these bands, it may suppress the immune system cells in your skin that are causing your inflamed skin.
Phototherapy is a painless procedure that's generally used to treat eczema that's all over the body or eczema that's in localized areas that doesn't respond to treatment. It can help reduce the inflammation and relieve the itching associated with your eczema. Phototherapy can also decrease the amount of medicine you need to take to treat your eczema. In some cases, it can clear up your skin.
If your doctor recommends phototherapy, you'll probably need two to three treatments per week for several weeks or months. When you go in for treatment, you'll stand in a large cabinet undressed except for your underwear and goggles to protect your eyes if you're having all over treatment. If you're having targeted treatment, only the affected areas will be treated. Before the treatment starts, you'll apply a moisturizing to your body. The light will be activated for several seconds to several minutes. It may take one or two months of treatment before you start to see an improvement.
Phototherapy is generally considered safe, but it may have some side effects, including:
- Tenderness and sunburn
- Premature aging of your skin
- Skin eruptions caused by photosensitivity
- Skin cancer that isn't melanoma
- Cataracts if you've had UVA treatment
