Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is mostly caused by the human papillomavirus, or HPV. An HPV vaccine may reduce the risk of cervical cancer. Symptoms of cervical cancer can include painful sex, vaginal bleeding, and discharge.
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Symptoms, prevention, and treatments.
Against clinical guidelines, many women are still getting Pap smears (a test that’s meant to find cancer of the cervix) even after they've had had a hysterectomy, which removes the uterus and cervix, according to a new government report.
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What Happens
Cervical cancer happens when abnormal cells on the cervix grow out of control. Cervical cancer can often be successfully treated when it's found early. It is usually found at a very early stage through a Pap test.
If cervical cancer isn't treated, it may spread from the cervix to the vagina, and then into deeper tissue layers of connective tissue around the uterus. As it progresses, it may spread to the pelvic lymph nodes and other pelvic organs. Advanced-stagecancer may spread to lymph nodes; to other organs in the pelvis, causing problems with kidney and bowel function; or to other organs in the body, such as the liver and lungs.
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