Allergic Reaction Causes

Almost anything can trigger an allergic reaction.

• The body's immune system has a patrol of white blood cells, which produce antibodies.

   

  • When the body is exposed to an antigen, a complex set of reactions begins.

     

  • The white blood cells produce an antibody specific to that antigen. This is called "sensitization."

     

  • The job of the antibodies is to detect and destroy substances that cause disease and sickness. In allergic reactions, the antibody is called immunoglobulin E, or IgE.

• This antibody promotes production and release of chemicals and hormones called "mediators."

   

  • Histamine is one well-known mediator.

     

  • Mediators have effects on local tissue and organs in addition to activating more white blood cell defenders. It is these effects that cause the symptoms of the reaction.

     

  • If the release of the mediators is sudden or extensive, the allergic reaction may also be sudden and severe.

• Your allergic reactions are unique to you. For example, your body may have learned to be allergic to poison ivy from repeated exposure.

• Most people are aware of their particular allergy triggers and reactions.

• • Certain foods, vaccines and medications, latex rubber, aspirin, shellfish, dust, pollen, mold, animal dander, and poison ivy are famous allergens.

     

  • Bee stings, fire ant stings, penicillin, and peanuts are known for causing dramatic reactions that can be serious and involve the whole body.

     

  • Minor injuries, hot or cold temperatures, exercise, or even emotions may be triggers.

     

  • Often, the specific allergen cannot be identified unless you have had a similar reaction in the past.

• Allergies and the tendency to have allergic reactions run in some families. You may have allergies even if they do not run in your family.

• Many people who have one trigger tend to have other triggers as well.

• People with certain medical conditions are more likely to have allergic reactions.

   

  • Severe allergic reaction in the past

     

  • Asthma

     

  • Lung conditions that affect breathing, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

     

  • Nasal polyps

     

  • Frequent infections of the nasal sinuses, ears, or respiratory tract

     

  • Sensitive skin