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Stage Information for Nasopharyngeal Cancer

(continued)

continued...

Table 3. Distant Metastasis (M)a

^a Reprinted with permission from AJCC: Pharynx. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al., eds.: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2010, pp 41-56.
M0	No distant metastasis.
M1	Distant metastasis.

Table 4. Anatomic Stage/Prognostic Groupsa

^a Reprinted with permission from AJCC: Pharynx. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al., eds.: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2010, pp 41-56.
Stage	T	N	M
0	Tis	N0	M0
I	T1	N0	M0
II	T1	N1	M0
T2	N0	M0
T2	N1	M0
III	T1	N2	M0
T2	N2	M0
T3	N0	M0
T3	N1	M0
T3	N2	M0
IVA	T4	N0	M0
T4	N1	M0
T4	N2	M0
IVB	Any T	N3	M0
IVC	Any T	Any N	M1

References:

Teo PM, Leung SF, Yu P, et al.: A comparison of Ho's, International Union Against Cancer, and American Joint Committee stage classifications for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer 67 (2): 434-9, 1991.
Lee AW, Foo W, Law SC, et al.: Staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: from Ho's to the new UICC system. Int J Cancer 84 (2): 179-87, 1999.
Mendenhall W, Werning J, Pfister D, et al.: Treatment of head and neck cancers. In: DeVita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds.: Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. Vols. 1 & 2. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008, pp 809-77.
Laramore GE, ed.: Radiation Therapy of Head and Neck Cancer. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.
Consensus conference. Magnetic resonance imaging. JAMA 259 (14): 2132-8, 1988.
Liu FY, Chang JT, Wang HM, et al.: [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography is more sensitive than skeletal scintigraphy for detecting bone metastasis in endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma at initial staging. J Clin Oncol 24 (4): 599-604, 2006.
Pharynx. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al., eds.: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2010, pp 41-9.

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Last Updated: May 16, 2012

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