Skin Conditions: Pruritus

Pruritus means itching. It can be caused by a number of disorders, including dry skin, skin disease, pregnancy, and rarely, cancer.

Other causes of pruritus include infection, tumor, or a fungus. In addition, various medications can cause pruritus.

Who Gets Pruritus?

Anyone can get pruritus but certain groups of people are more susceptible to the condition, including:

• People with seasonal allergies, hay fever, asthma and eczema
• People with diabetes
• People with HIV/AIDS and various types of cancer
• Pregnant women
• The elderly

How Is Pruritus Treated?

Finding the cause of the itching and treating any underlying skin disease is the first step.

If a drug reaction is suspected, switching to a different medication may be helpful to reduce the itching.

The best way to prevent pruritus is to take care of your skin. This includes protecting your skin from excessive damage. Methods for protecting your skin include the following:

• Use skin creams and lotions that moisturize your skin and prevent dryness.
• Use sunscreens regularly to prevent sunburns and skin damage.
• Use mild bath soap and laundry detergent that won't irritate your skin.
• Take a bath in warm -- not hot -- water to relieve itching and avoid making your skin too dry.
• Avoid certain fabrics, such as wool and synthetics that can make your skin itch. Switch to cotton clothing and bed sheets.
• Since warm, dry air can make your skin dry, keep the thermostat in your house down and use a humidifier.
• To relieve itching, place a cool washcloth or some ice over the area that itches, rather than scratching.

Your doctor may also prescribe medication to treat pruritus, including antihistamines and topical steroids. Rarely, steroid pills and antibiotics may also be needed.

Reviewed by doctors at The Cleveland Clinic Department of Dermatology.