Pectin

Medically Reviewed by Melinda Ratini, MS, DO on September 06, 2023
3 min read

Pectin is a soluble fiber found in most plants. It is most abundant in:

  • Apples
  • Plums
  • The peel and pulp of citrus fruits

In food, it is most commonly used to thicken jams, jellies, and preserves.

The human body cannot digest pectin in its natural form. But an altered form of pectin, known as modified citrus pectin (MCP), has properties that allow it to be digested.

People take MCP for a variety of reasons. Some research suggests that pectin, like other soluble fibers such as those found in oatmeal and in psyllium husks, can help lower LDL "bad" cholesterol. But the effect is a small one. If you have high cholesterol, soluble fibers such as pectin may help to lower it, but they usually can't do the job on their own.

Much of the information we know about pectin is based on animal studies. Pectin has also been used to control diarrhea, and some evidence points to its effectiveness for treating very young children. The FDA, though, decided in 2003 that the available evidence does not support such a use. The following year it banned the use of pectin in over-the-counter diarrhea medications.

Pectin may have a potential role in cancer care. In a small study of men with prostate cancer for whom standard treatment had failed, MCP appeared to slow the growth of their cancer.

Larger, better designed studies are needed before any conclusions are drawn about MCP's potential as an anticancer agent.

Pectin has also been used to try to treat heavy metal toxicity, which can result from exposure to lead, mercury, arsenic, and other elements. Some people believe that MCP can help the body excrete such poisonous substances. But little unbiased research exists to support such claims.

Optimal doses for MCP have not been established for any condition. Also, as with supplements generally, the quality of the active ingredients in products that contain MCP varies from maker to maker.

Many common fruits have pectin, so a healthy diet will include pectin. However, naturally occurring pectin must be modified in order for it to be digestible. Such pectin is then most often sold in powder and capsule form.

Few side effects are associated with taking MCP. But that does not mean it is risk-free.

Some people have reported mild stomach cramps and diarrhea while taking MCP.

People who are allergic to citrus fruits should avoid MCP.

Also, MCP may interfere with certain cancer treatments and should not be taken without supervision.

Pectin can reduce the body's ability to absorb beta-carotene, an important nutrient. And pectin can also interfere with the body's ability to absorb certain drugs, including:

The FDA does not regulate dietary supplements in the same way it regulates foods and medicines. The manufacturer is responsible for ensuring safety and accurate labeling. Talk to your doctor about potential risks before you take pectin or any other dietary supplement.