Overview
Korean pine is used for earaches, nosebleeds, to increase milk production during breastfeeding, weight loss, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
How does it work ?
Uses & Effectiveness ?
Insufficient Evidence for
- Abnormal levels of cholesterol or blood fats (dyslipidemia). Early research shows that Korean pine needle extract doesn't improve levels of blood fats in people with borderline dyslipidemia.
- Obesity.
- Earaches.
- Nosebleeds.
- Increasing milk production during breast-feeding.
- Parasites.
- Burns.
- Wound healing.
- Other conditions.
Side Effects
Special Precautions and Warnings
Allergy to pine and related plants: Korean pine nut might cause allergic reactions in some people. People who are sensitive to pine trees should avoid Korean pine nut.
Interactions ?
Medications for high blood pressure (Antihypertensive drugs) interacts with KOREAN PINE
Korean pine nut oil might decrease blood pressure. Taking it along with medications for high blood pressure might cause your blood pressure to go too low.
Some medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
Dosing
Asset G, Staels B, Wolff RL, et al. Effects of Pinus pinaster and Pinus koraiensis seed oil supplementation on lipoprotein metabolism in the rat. Lipids 1999;34(1):39-44. View abstract.
Bai F, Sang W, Li G, et al. Long-term protection effects of National Reserve to forest vegetation in 4 decades: biodiversity change analysis of major forest types in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve, China. Sci China C Life Sci 2008;51(10):948-958. View abstract.
Chuang LT, Tsai PJ, Lee CL, Huang YS. Uptake and incorporation of pinolenic acid reduces n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and downstream prostaglandin formation in murine macrophage. Lipids 2009;44(3):217-224. View abstract.
Guo Q, Wang T. [Landscape ecological evaluation of Fenglin Nature Reverse: quantification and interpretation]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2005;16(5):825-832. View abstract.
Hong EJ, Na KJ, Choi IG, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils from coniferous trees. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27(6):863-866. View abstract.
Hughes GM, Boyland EJ, Williams NJ, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin) on food intake, feeding behaviour and appetite: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:6. View abstract.
Ibanez MD, Lombardero M, San Ireneo MM, Munoz MC. Anaphylaxis induced by pine nuts in two young girls. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2003;14(4):317-319. View abstract.
Iloff PM Jr, Mirov NT. Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXV. A report on two white pines: Pinus koraiensis from Korea and P. peuce from Macedonia. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc (Baltim) 1956;45(2 Part 1):77-81. View abstract.
Jin T, Albillos SM, Chen YW, et al. Purification and characterization of the 7S vicilin from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). J Agric Food Chem 2008;56(17):8159-8165. View abstract.
Jin T, Fu TJ, Kothary MH, Howard A, Zhang YZ. Crystallization and initial crystallographic characterization of a vicilin-type seed storage protein from Pinus koraiensis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2007;63(Pt 12):1041-1043. View abstract.
Kang K-S, Lindgren D. Fertility variation among clones of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) and its implications on seed orchard management. Forest Genet 1999;6(3):191-200.
Khan VA, Gatilov YV, Dubovenko ZV, Pentegova VA. Crystal structure of koraiol - a sesquiterpene alcohol with a new type of carbon skeleton from the oleoresin of Pinus koraiensis. Chem Nat Compd 1979;572-576.
Lee JH, Yang HY, Lee HS, Hong SK. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from cones of Pinus koraiensis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008;18(3):497-502. View abstract.
Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity. Lipids 2004;39(4):383-387. View abstract.
Li K, Li Q, Li J, et al. Antitumor activity of the procyanidins from Pinus koraiensis bark on mice bearing U14 cervical cancer. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127(7):1145-1151. View abstract.
Lim TK. "Pinus koraiensis." Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, Volume 4, Fruits. New York, NY: Springer, 2012. 297-303.
Matsuo N, Osada K, Kodama T, et al. Effects of gamma-linolenic acid and its positional isomer pinolenic acid on immune parameters of brown-Norway rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1996;55(4):223-229. View abstract.
Meysman M, Schelfaut D, Vincken W. A not so healthy muesli: a case report. Acta Clin Belg 2009;64(4):366-368. View abstract.
Nakamura Y, Krestov PV. "Chapter 5: Coniferous forests of the temperate zone of Asia." Ecosystems of the World: Coniferous Forests. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V., 2005. 163-220.
Pasman WJ, Heimerikx J, Rubingh CM, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil on in vitro CCK release, on appetite sensations and on gut hormones in post-menopausal overweight women. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:10. View abstract.
Rossi G. A case of severe allergy to pine-nut. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;39(10):344-345. View abstract.
Scott C, Pasman W, Hiemerikx J, et al. Pinnothin™ suppresses appetite in overweight women. Appetite. 2007;49(1):330.
Speijers GJ, Dederen LH, Keizer H. A sub-chronic (13 weeks) oral toxicity study in rats and an in vitro genotoxicity study with Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin TG). Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2009;55(2):158-165. View abstract.
Sugano M, Ikeda I, Wakamatsu K, Oka T. Influence of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, eicosanoid production and blood pressure of rats. Br J Nutr 1994;72(5):775-783. View abstract.
Tanaka T, Hattori T, Kouchi M, Hirano K, Satouchi K. Methylene-interrupted double bond in polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential structure for metabolism by the fatty acid chain elongation system of rat liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998;1393(2-3):299-306. View abstract.
Tanaka T, Shibata K, Hino H, et al. Purification and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of non-methylene interrupted fatty acid incorporated in rat liver. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997;700(1-2):1-8. View abstract.
Tanaka T, Takimoto T, Morishige J, et al. Non-methylene-interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids: effective substitute for arachidonate of phosphatidylinositol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999;264(3):683-688. View abstract.
van de Scheur MR, Bruynzeel DP. Acute anaphylaxis after pine nut skin testing. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004;92(1):93. View abstract.
Yang X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Wang J. Two new diterpenoid acids from Pinus koraiensis. Fitoterapia 2008;79(3):179-181. View abstract.
Asset G, Staels B, Wolff RL, et al. Effects of Pinus pinaster and Pinus koraiensis seed oil supplementation on lipoprotein metabolism in the rat. Lipids 1999;34(1):39-44. View abstract.
Bai F, Sang W, Li G, et al. Long-term protection effects of National Reserve to forest vegetation in 4 decades: biodiversity change analysis of major forest types in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve, China. Sci China C Life Sci 2008;51(10):948-958. View abstract.
Chuang LT, Tsai PJ, Lee CL, Huang YS. Uptake and incorporation of pinolenic acid reduces n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and downstream prostaglandin formation in murine macrophage. Lipids 2009;44(3):217-224. View abstract.
Guo Q, Wang T. [Landscape ecological evaluation of Fenglin Nature Reverse: quantification and interpretation]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2005;16(5):825-832. View abstract.
Hong EJ, Na KJ, Choi IG, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils from coniferous trees. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27(6):863-866. View abstract.
Hughes GM, Boyland EJ, Williams NJ, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin) on food intake, feeding behaviour and appetite: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:6. View abstract.
Ibanez MD, Lombardero M, San Ireneo MM, Munoz MC. Anaphylaxis induced by pine nuts in two young girls. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2003;14(4):317-319. View abstract.
Iloff PM Jr, Mirov NT. Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXV. A report on two white pines: Pinus koraiensis from Korea and P. peuce from Macedonia. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc (Baltim) 1956;45(2 Part 1):77-81. View abstract.
Jin T, Albillos SM, Chen YW, et al. Purification and characterization of the 7S vicilin from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). J Agric Food Chem 2008;56(17):8159-8165. View abstract.
Kang K-S, Lindgren D. Fertility variation among clones of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) and its implications on seed orchard management. Forest Genet 1999;6(3):191-200.
Khan VA, Gatilov YV, Dubovenko ZV, Pentegova VA. Crystal structure of koraiol - a sesquiterpene alcohol with a new type of carbon skeleton from the oleoresin of Pinus koraiensis. Chem Nat Compd 1979;572-576.
Lee H, Kim H, Choue R, Lim H. Evaluation of the Effects of Pinus koraiensis Needle Extracts on Serum Lipid and Oxidative Stress in Adults with Borderline Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Altern Med 2016;2016:9594251. doi: 10.1155/2016/9594251. Epub 2016 Aug 16. View abstract.
Lee JH, Yang HY, Lee HS, Hong SK. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from cones of Pinus koraiensis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008;18(3):497-502. View abstract.
Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity. Lipids 2004;39(4):383-387. View abstract.
Li K, Li Q, Li J, et al. Antitumor activity of the procyanidins from Pinus koraiensis bark on mice bearing U14 cervical cancer. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127(7):1145-1151. View abstract.
Lim TK. "Pinus koraiensis." Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, Volume 4, Fruits. New York, NY: Springer, 2012. 297-303.
Matsuo N, Osada K, Kodama T, et al. Effects of gamma-linolenic acid and its positional isomer pinolenic acid on immune parameters of brown-Norway rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1996;55(4):223-229. View abstract.
Meysman M, Schelfaut D, Vincken W. A not so healthy muesli: a case report. Acta Clin Belg 2009;64(4):366-368. View abstract.
Nakamura Y, Krestov PV. "Chapter 5: Coniferous forests of the temperate zone of Asia." Ecosystems of the World: Coniferous Forests. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V., 2005. 163-220.
Pasman WJ, Heimerikx J, Rubingh CM, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil on in vitro CCK release, on appetite sensations and on gut hormones in post-menopausal overweight women. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:10. View abstract.
Rossi G. A case of severe allergy to pine-nut. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;39(10):344-345. View abstract.
Scott C, Pasman W, Hiemerikx J, et al. Pinnothin suppresses appetite in overweight women. Appetite. 2007;49(1):330.
Speijers GJ, Dederen LH, Keizer H. A sub-chronic (13 weeks) oral toxicity study in rats and an in vitro genotoxicity study with Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin TG). Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2009;55(2):158-165. View abstract.
Sugano M, Ikeda I, Wakamatsu K, Oka T. Influence of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, eicosanoid production and blood pressure of rats. Br J Nutr 1994;72(5):775-783. View abstract.
Tanaka T, Shibata K, Hino H, et al. Purification and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of non-methylene interrupted fatty acid incorporated in rat liver. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997;700(1-2):1-8. View abstract.
van de Scheur MR, Bruynzeel DP. Acute anaphylaxis after pine nut skin testing. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004;92(1):93. View abstract.
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