KOREAN PINE: Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews

Overview

Korean pine is a tree that grows in parts of Asia. The nuts of Korean pine are eaten as a food. The nuts, needles, bark, and resin are used as medicine.

Korean pine is used for earaches, nosebleeds, to increase milk production during breastfeeding, weight loss, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

Insufficient Evidence for

Abnormal levels of cholesterol or blood fats (dyslipidemia). Early research shows that Korean pine needle extract doesn't improve levels of blood fats in people with borderline dyslipidemia.
Obesity.
Earaches.
Nosebleeds.
Increasing milk production during breast-feeding.
Parasites.
Burns.
Wound healing.
Other conditions.

More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of Korean pine for these uses.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: There isn't enough reliable information to know if Korean pine is safe. Korean pine nut might cause allergic reactions in some people.

Special Precautions and Warnings

When taken by mouth: There isn't enough reliable information to know if Korean pine is safe. Korean pine nut might cause allergic reactions in some people. Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if Korean pine is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Allergy to pine and related plants: Korean pine nut might cause allergic reactions in some people. People who are sensitive to pine trees should avoid Korean pine nut.

Interactions ?

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

Medications for high blood pressure (Antihypertensive drugs) interacts with KOREAN PINE
Korean pine nut oil might decrease blood pressure. Taking it along with medications for high blood pressure might cause your blood pressure to go too low.

Some medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of Korean pine depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for Korean pine. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

View References

REFERENCES:

Asset G, Staels B, Wolff RL, et al. Effects of Pinus pinaster and Pinus koraiensis seed oil supplementation on lipoprotein metabolism in the rat. Lipids 1999;34(1):39-44. View abstract.

Bai F, Sang W, Li G, et al. Long-term protection effects of National Reserve to forest vegetation in 4 decades: biodiversity change analysis of major forest types in Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve, China. Sci China C Life Sci 2008;51(10):948-958. View abstract.

Chuang LT, Tsai PJ, Lee CL, Huang YS. Uptake and incorporation of pinolenic acid reduces n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid and downstream prostaglandin formation in murine macrophage. Lipids 2009;44(3):217-224. View abstract.

Guo Q, Wang T. [Landscape ecological evaluation of Fenglin Nature Reverse: quantification and interpretation]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2005;16(5):825-832. View abstract.

Hong EJ, Na KJ, Choi IG, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils from coniferous trees. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27(6):863-866. View abstract.

Hughes GM, Boyland EJ, Williams NJ, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin) on food intake, feeding behaviour and appetite: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:6. View abstract.

Ibanez MD, Lombardero M, San Ireneo MM, Munoz MC. Anaphylaxis induced by pine nuts in two young girls. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2003;14(4):317-319. View abstract.

Iloff PM Jr, Mirov NT. Composition of gum turpentines of pines. XXV. A report on two white pines: Pinus koraiensis from Korea and P. peuce from Macedonia. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc (Baltim) 1956;45(2 Part 1):77-81. View abstract.

Jin T, Albillos SM, Chen YW, et al. Purification and characterization of the 7S vicilin from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). J Agric Food Chem 2008;56(17):8159-8165. View abstract.

Jin T, Fu TJ, Kothary MH, Howard A, Zhang YZ. Crystallization and initial crystallographic characterization of a vicilin-type seed storage protein from Pinus koraiensis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2007;63(Pt 12):1041-1043. View abstract.

Kang K-S, Lindgren D. Fertility variation among clones of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) and its implications on seed orchard management. Forest Genet 1999;6(3):191-200.

Khan VA, Gatilov YV, Dubovenko ZV, Pentegova VA. Crystal structure of koraiol - a sesquiterpene alcohol with a new type of carbon skeleton from the oleoresin of Pinus koraiensis. Chem Nat Compd 1979;572-576.

Lee JH, Yang HY, Lee HS, Hong SK. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from cones of Pinus koraiensis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008;18(3):497-502. View abstract.

Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity. Lipids 2004;39(4):383-387. View abstract.

Li K, Li Q, Li J, et al. Antitumor activity of the procyanidins from Pinus koraiensis bark on mice bearing U14 cervical cancer. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127(7):1145-1151. View abstract.

Lim TK. "Pinus koraiensis." Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, Volume 4, Fruits. New York, NY: Springer, 2012. 297-303.

Matsuo N, Osada K, Kodama T, et al. Effects of gamma-linolenic acid and its positional isomer pinolenic acid on immune parameters of brown-Norway rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1996;55(4):223-229. View abstract.

Meysman M, Schelfaut D, Vincken W. A not so healthy muesli: a case report. Acta Clin Belg 2009;64(4):366-368. View abstract.

Nakamura Y, Krestov PV. "Chapter 5: Coniferous forests of the temperate zone of Asia." Ecosystems of the World: Coniferous Forests. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V., 2005. 163-220.

Pasman WJ, Heimerikx J, Rubingh CM, et al. The effect of Korean pine nut oil on in vitro CCK release, on appetite sensations and on gut hormones in post-menopausal overweight women. Lipids Health Dis 2008;7:10. View abstract.

Rossi G. A case of severe allergy to pine-nut. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;39(10):344-345. View abstract.

Scott C, Pasman W, Hiemerikx J, et al. Pinnothin™ suppresses appetite in overweight women. Appetite. 2007;49(1):330.

Speijers GJ, Dederen LH, Keizer H. A sub-chronic (13 weeks) oral toxicity study in rats and an in vitro genotoxicity study with Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin TG). Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2009;55(2):158-165. View abstract.

Sugano M, Ikeda I, Wakamatsu K, Oka T. Influence of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, eicosanoid production and blood pressure of rats. Br J Nutr 1994;72(5):775-783. View abstract.

Tanaka T, Hattori T, Kouchi M, Hirano K, Satouchi K. Methylene-interrupted double bond in polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential structure for metabolism by the fatty acid chain elongation system of rat liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998;1393(2-3):299-306. View abstract.

Tanaka T, Shibata K, Hino H, et al. Purification and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of non-methylene interrupted fatty acid incorporated in rat liver. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997;700(1-2):1-8. View abstract.

Tanaka T, Takimoto T, Morishige J, et al. Non-methylene-interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids: effective substitute for arachidonate of phosphatidylinositol. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999;264(3):683-688. View abstract.

van de Scheur MR, Bruynzeel DP. Acute anaphylaxis after pine nut skin testing. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004;92(1):93. View abstract.

Yang X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Wang J. Two new diterpenoid acids from Pinus koraiensis. Fitoterapia 2008;79(3):179-181. View abstract.

Asset G, Staels B, Wolff RL, et al. Effects of Pinus pinaster and Pinus koraiensis seed oil supplementation on lipoprotein metabolism in the rat. Lipids 1999;34(1):39-44. View abstract.

Guo Q, Wang T. [Landscape ecological evaluation of Fenglin Nature Reverse: quantification and interpretation]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2005;16(5):825-832. View abstract.

Hong EJ, Na KJ, Choi IG, Choi KC, Jeung EB. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils from coniferous trees. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27(6):863-866. View abstract.

Ibanez MD, Lombardero M, San Ireneo MM, Munoz MC. Anaphylaxis induced by pine nuts in two young girls. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2003;14(4):317-319. View abstract.

Jin T, Albillos SM, Chen YW, et al. Purification and characterization of the 7S vicilin from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). J Agric Food Chem 2008;56(17):8159-8165. View abstract.

Kang K-S, Lindgren D. Fertility variation among clones of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) and its implications on seed orchard management. Forest Genet 1999;6(3):191-200.

Lee H, Kim H, Choue R, Lim H. Evaluation of the Effects of Pinus koraiensis Needle Extracts on Serum Lipid and Oxidative Stress in Adults with Borderline Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Altern Med 2016;2016:9594251. doi: 10.1155/2016/9594251. Epub 2016 Aug 16. View abstract.

Lee JH, Yang HY, Lee HS, Hong SK. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from cones of Pinus koraiensis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008;18(3):497-502. View abstract.

Li K, Li Q, Li J, et al. Antitumor activity of the procyanidins from Pinus koraiensis bark on mice bearing U14 cervical cancer. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127(7):1145-1151. View abstract.

Lim TK. "Pinus koraiensis." Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants, Volume 4, Fruits. New York, NY: Springer, 2012. 297-303.

Meysman M, Schelfaut D, Vincken W. A not so healthy muesli: a case report. Acta Clin Belg 2009;64(4):366-368. View abstract.

Nakamura Y, Krestov PV. "Chapter 5: Coniferous forests of the temperate zone of Asia." Ecosystems of the World: Coniferous Forests. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V., 2005. 163-220.

Rossi G. A case of severe allergy to pine-nut. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;39(10):344-345. View abstract.

Ryuk JA, Ko BS, Moon NR, Park S. Pinus koraiensis needle or cone extracts alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immunity and suppressing inflammation in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice. J Food Biochem. 2022 Jul;46(7):e14135. View abstract.

Scott C, Pasman W, Hiemerikx J, et al. Pinnothin suppresses appetite in overweight women. Appetite. 2007;49(1):330.

Shin S, Park S, Lim Y, Han SN. Dietary supplementation with Korean pine nut oil decreases body fat accumulation and dysregulation of the appetite-suppressing pathway in the hypothalamus of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Res Pract. 2022 Jun;16(3):285-97. View abstract.

van de Scheur MR, Bruynzeel DP. Acute anaphylaxis after pine nut skin testing. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004;92(1):93. View abstract.

CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version.
© Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020.

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