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References

Citations

  1. Carragee EJ, Hannibal M (2004). Diagnostic evaluation of low back pain. Orthopedic Clinics of North America, 35(2004): 7–16.

  2. Chou R, et al. (2009). Interventional therapies, surgery and interdisciplinary rehabilitation for low back pain: An evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American Pain Society. Spine, 34(10): 1066–1077.

  3. Hu SS, et al. (2006). Lumbar disc herniation section of Disorders, diseases, and injuries of the spine. In HB Skinner, ed., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics, 4th ed., pp. 246–249. New York: McGraw-Hill.

  4. Furlan AD, et al. (2008). Massage for low-back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4).

  5. Chou R, Huffman LH (2007). Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: A review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine, 147(7): 492–504.

  6. Hadler NM (2005). Low back pain. In WJ Koopman, ed., Arthritis and Allied Conditions, 15th ed., vol. 2, pp. 2073–2086. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

  7. Andersson GB, et al. (1999). A comparison of osteopathic spinal manipulation with standard care for patients with low back pain. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(19): 1426–1431.

  8. Abramowicz M (2006). Acupuncture. Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, 48(1234): 38–39.

  9. Furlan AD, et al. (2005). Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1).

  10. Hsieh LL, et al. (2006). Treatment of low back pain by acupressure and physical therapy: Randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 333(7543): 696–700.

  11. Graves N, et al., (2004). Does yoga speed healing for patients with low back pain? Journal of Family Practice, 53(8): 661–662.

  12. Mailis-Gagnon A, et al. (2004). Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3).

  13. Deer T, et al. (2004). Intrathecal drug delivery for treatment of chronic low back pain: Report from the National Outcomes Registry for Low Back Pain. Pain Medicine, 5(1): 6–13.

  14. McIntosh G, Hall H (2008). Low back pain (chronic), search date May 2007. Online version of BMJ Clinical Evidence: http://www.clinicalevidence.com.

Other Works Consulted

  • American Geriatrics Society Panel on Pharmacological Management of Persistent Pain in Older Persons (2009). Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 57(8): 1331–1346.

  • Assendelft WJJ, et al. (2003). Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain: A meta-analysis of effectiveness relative to other therapies. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(11): 871–881.

  • Cailliet R (2003). Low Back Disorders: A Medical Enigma. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

  • Carragee EJ (2005). Persistent low back pain. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(18): 1891–1898.

  • Chaiamnuay S, et al. (2006). Risks versus benefits of cyclooxygenase-2-selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 63(19): 1837–1851.

  • Chou R, et al. (2007). Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: A joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Annals of Internal Medicine, 147(7): 478–491.

  • Chou R, et al. (2009). Imaging strategies for low-back pain: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet, 373(9662): 463–472.

  • Chou R, et al. (2011). Diagnostic imaging for low back pain: Advice for high-value health care from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine, 154(3): 181–189.

  • Deshpande A, et al. (2007). Opioids for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3).

  • Hu SS, et al. (2006). Spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis section of Disorders, diseases, and injuries of the spine. In HB Skinner, ed., Current Diagnosis and Treatment in Orthopedics, 4th ed., pp. 271–277. New York: McGraw-Hill.

  • Kanayama M, et al. (2007). A minimum 10-year follow-up of posterior dynamic stabilization using Graf artificial ligament. Spine, 32(18): 1992–1996.

  • Kovacs FM, et al. (2003). Effect of firmness of mattress on chronic non-specific low-back pain: Randomised, double-blind, controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet, 362(9396): 1599–1604.

  • Mercier LR (2008). The back. In Practical Orthopedics, 6th ed., pp. 143–184. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier.

  • Modic MT, et al. (2005). Acute low back pain and radiculopathy: MR Imaging findings and their prognostic role and effect on outcome. Radiology, 237(2): 599–604.

  • Roelofs PDDM, et al. (2008). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1).

  • Thorson DC, et al. (2008). Health Care Guideline: Adult Low Back Pain, 13th ed., pp. 1–66. Bloomington, MN: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement.

  • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2005). Primary care interventions to prevent low back pain in adults: Recommendation statement. Available online: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsback.htm.

  • Urquhart DM, et al. (2009). Antidepressants for non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1).

WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise

Last Updated: May 05, 2011
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