Cygler, M. and Mort, J. S. Proregion structure of members of the papain superfamily. Mode of inhibition of enzymatic activity. Biochimie 1997;79(11):645-652. View abstract.
Dale, P. S., Tamhankar, C. P., George, D., and Daftary, G. V. Co-medication with hydrolytic enzymes in radiation therapy of uterine cervix: evidence of the reduction of acute side effects. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol 2001;47 Suppl:S29-S34. View abstract.
El Kadi, K. N., Rawlings, A. V., Feinberg, C., Watkinson, A., Nunn, C. C., Battaglia, A., Chandar, P., Richardson, N., and Pocalyko, D. J. Broad specificity alkaline proteases efficiently reduce the visual scaling associated with soap-induced xerosis. Arch Dermatol.Res 2001;293(10):500-507. View abstract.
Glenn, J. Managing a traumatic wound in a geriatric patient. Ostomy.Wound.Manage. 2006;52(4):94-98. View abstract.
Hellebrekers, B. W., Trimbos-Kemper, T. C., Trimbos, J. B., Emeis, J. J., and Kooistra, T. Use of fibrinolytic agents in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation. Fertil.Steril. 2000;74(2):203-212. View abstract.
Leipner, J., Iten, F., and Saller, R. Therapy with proteolytic enzymes in rheumatic disorders. BioDrugs. 2001;15(12):779-789. View abstract.
Martin, T., Uhder, K., Kurek, R., Roeddiger, S., Schneider, L., Vogt, H. G., Heyd, R., and Zamboglou, N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial. Radiother.Oncol. 2002;65(1):17-22. View abstract.
Matinian, L. A., Nagapetian, KhO, Amirian, S. S., Mkrtchian, S. R., Mirzoian, V. S., and Voskanian, R. M. [Papain phonophoresis in the treatment of suppurative wounds and inflammatory processes]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 1990;(9):74-76. View abstract.
Miller, P. C., Bailey, S. P., Barnes, M. E., Derr, S. J., and Hall, E. E. The effects of protease supplementation on skeletal muscle function and DOMS following downhill running. J Sports Sci 2004;22(4):365-372. View abstract.
Mort, J. S. and Buttle, D. J. Cathepsin B. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1997;29(5):715-720. View abstract.
Nomura, J. T., Sato, R. L., Ahern, R. M., Snow, J. L., Kuwaye, T. T., and Yamamoto, L. G. A randomized paired comparison trial of cutaneous treatments for acute jellyfish (Carybdea alata) stings. Am J Emerg Med 2002;20(7):624-626. View abstract.
Pereira, A. L. and Bachion, M. M. [Wound treatment: scientific production analysis published in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem from 1970-2003]. Rev Bras Enferm. 2005;58(2):208-213. View abstract.
Pieper, B. and Caliri, M. H. Nontraditional wound care: A review of the evidence for the use of sugar, papaya/papain, and fatty acids. J.Wound.Ostomy.Continence.Nurs. 2003;30(4):175-183. View abstract.
Rawlings, N. D. and Barrett, A. J. Evolutionary families of peptidases. Biochem J 2-15-1993;290 ( Pt 1):205-218. View abstract.
Rawlings, N. D. and Barrett, A. J. Families of cysteine peptidases. Methods Enzymol. 1994;244:461-486. View abstract.
Ross, E. V., Jr., Badame, A. J., and Dale, S. E. Meat tenderizer in the acute treatment of imported fire ant stings. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987;16(6):1189-1192. View abstract.
Starley, I. F., Mohammed, P., Schneider, G., and Bickler, S. W. The treatment of paediatric burns using topical papaya. Burns 1999;25(7):636-639. View abstract.
Turk, B., Turk, V., and Turk, D. Structural and functional aspects of papain-like cysteine proteinases and their protein inhibitors. Biol.Chem. 1997;378(3-4):141-150. View abstract.
Udod, V. M., Kolos, A. I., and Gritsuliak, Z. N. [Treatment of patients with lung abscess by local administration of papain]. Vestn.Khir.Im I.I.Grek. 1989;142(3):24-27. View abstract.
Walker-Renard, P. Update on the medicinal management of phytobezoars. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(10):1663-1666. View abstract.
Baur X, König G, Bencze K, Fruhmann G. Clinical symptoms and results of skin test, RAST and bronchial provocation test in thirty-three papain workers: Evidence for strong immunogenic potency and clinically relevant proteolytic e?ects of airborne papain. Clin Allergy 1982;12(1):9-17. View abstract.
Bienen H, Raus I. [Therapeutic comparison of throat lozenges; (author's transl)]. MMW Munch Med Wochenschr 1981;123:745-7. View abstract.
Billigmann P. [Enzyme therapy-an alternative in treatment of herpes zoster. A controlled study of 192 patients]. Fortschr Med 1995;113:43-8. View abstract.
de Souza TF, Martins ML, Tavares-Silva CM, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, Maia LC. Treatment time, pain experience and acceptability of the technique for caries removal in primary teeth using the ART approach with or without Brix3000™ papain gel: a preliminary randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021. View abstract.
Desser L, Rehberger A, Paukovits W. Proteolytic enzymes and amylase induce cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Cancer Biother 1994;9:253-63. View abstract.
Diez-Gomez ML, Quirce S, Aragoneses E, Cuevas M. Asthma caused by Ficus benjamina latex: evidence of cross-reactivity with fig fruit and papain. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1998;80:24-30. View abstract.
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
Ma JW, Hung JL, Takeuchi M, Shieh PC, Horng CT. A New Pharmacological Vitreolysis through the Supplement of Mixed Fruit Enzymes for Patients with Ocular Floaters or Vitreous Hemorrhage-Induced Floaters. J Clin Med 2022;11(22):6710. View abstract.
Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3. View abstract.
Novey HS, Keenan WJ, Fairshter RD, Wells ID, Wilson AF, Culver BD. Pulmonary disease in workers exposed to papain: clinico-physiological and immunological studies. Clin Allergy 1980;10(6):721-31. View abstract.
Okano T. Effects of essential trace elements on bone turnover-in relation to the osteoporosis. Nippon Rinsho 1996;54:148-54. View abstract.
Raus I. [Clinical studies on Frubienzyme in a controlled double-blind trial]. Fortschr Med 1976;94:1579-82. View abstract.
Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56. View abstract.
Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
Soto-Mera MT, López-Rico MR, Filgueira JF, et al. Occupational allergy to papain. Allergy 2000;55(10):983-4. View abstract.
Tarlo SM, Shaikh W, Bell B, et al. Papain-induced allergic reactions. Clin Allergy 1978;8(3):207-15. View abstract.
Tymoszuk D, Wiszniewska M, Walusiak-Skorupa J. Papain-induced occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma - A case report. Med Pr 2016;67(1):109-12. View abstract.
Zavadova E, Desser L, Mohr T. Stimulation of reactive oxygen species production and cytotoxicity in human neutrophils in vitro and after oral administration of a polyenzyme preparation. Cancer Biother 1995;10:147-52. View abstract.