NEW ZEALAND GREEN-LIPPED MUSSEL

OTHER NAME(S):

Extrait de Moule, GLM, Green Lipped Mussel, Green Shell Mussel, Mejillón Verde de Nueva Zealandia, Moule à Coquille Verte, Moule à Coquille Verte de Nouvelle-Zélande, Moule aux Lèvres Verte de Nouvelle-Zélande, Moule Vert-Labiée de Nouvelle-Zélande, Moule Verte de Nouvelle-Zélande, Mussel Extract, New Zealand Green Lipped Sea Mussel, New Zealand Green Mollusk, NZGLM, Perna canaliculus, Sea Mussel, Seatone.

Overview

Overview Information

New Zealand green-lipped mussel is a shellfish. People use it to make medicine. As a medicine, it is available in freeze-dried, ground, and capsule forms. The oil from the mussel is also used.

New Zealand green-lipped mussel is used for asthma, arthritis, exercise-induced muscle soreness, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support any of these uses.

How does it work?

New Zealand green-lipped mussel might contain chemicals that help decrease swelling or inflammation.

Uses

Uses & Effectiveness?

Insufficient Evidence for

  • Asthma. Some early research shows that taking New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract decreases daytime wheezing and improves breathing in some people with asthma. Other early research shows that taking the extract reduces how much rescue medication is needed by people with persistent asthma. But using New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract does not seem to improve asthma symptoms in children.
  • Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Early research shows that taking New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract doesn't help with hyperactivity, impulsiveness, or inability to pay attention in children with ADHD. But it might help children without ADHD who are very active or have problems with attention.
  • Exercise-induced muscle soreness. Early research shows that taking New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract helps to prevent the muscle soreness that occurs a few days after a hard workout.
  • Osteoarthritis. Most early research suggests that taking New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract by mouth reduces symptoms of osteoarthritis, including pain and stiffness. But not all research agrees.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some early research suggests that taking New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract by mouth reduces symptoms of RA, including pain and stiffness. But not all research agrees.
  • Cancer.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of New Zealand green-lipped mussels for these uses.

Side Effects

Side Effects & Safety

When taken by mouth: New Zealand green-lipped mussel is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people. It can cause some side effects such as itching, gout, abdominal pain, heart burn, diarrhea, nausea, and intestinal gas. In rare cases, it might cause liver problems.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: New Zealand green-lipped mussel is POSSIBLY UNSAFE to take by mouth during pregnancy. There is some evidence that it might slow the development of the unborn child and might also delay birth. There isn't enough reliable information to know if it is safe to use when breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Children: New Zealand green-lipped mussel is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth by children aged 6-14 years.

Interactions

Interactions?

We currently have no information for NEW ZEALAND GREEN-LIPPED MUSSEL Interactions.

Dosing

Dosing

The appropriate dose of New Zealand green-lipped mussel depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for New Zealand green-lipped mussel. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

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View References

REFERENCES:

  • Ahern, M. J., Milazzo, S. C., and Dymock, R. Granulomatous hepatitis and Seatone. Med J Aust 8-9-1980;2(3):151-152. View abstract.
  • Audeval, B. and Bouchacourt, P. Etude contrôlée, en double aveugle contre placebo, de l'extrait de moule Perna canaliculus (moule aux orles verts) dans la gonarthose (Double blind, placebo-controlled study of the mussel Perna canaliculus (New Zealand green-lipped mussel) in arthritis of the knee). La Gazette 1986;93:111-116.
  • Bierer, T. L. and Bui, L. M. Improvement of arthritic signs in dogs fed green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus). J Nutr 2002;132(6 Suppl 2):1634S-1636S. View abstract.
  • Brien, S., Prescott, P., Coghlan, B., Bashir, N., and Lewith, G. Systematic review of the nutritional supplement Perna Canaliculus (green-lipped mussel) in the treatment of osteoarthritis. QJM. 2008;101(3):167-179. View abstract.
  • Bui, L. M. and Bierer, T. L. Influence of green lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus) in alleviating signs of arthritis in dogs. Vet.Ther 2003;4(4):397-407. View abstract.
  • Cho, S. H., Jung, Y. B., Seong, S. C., Park, H. B., Byun, K. Y., Lee, D. C., Song, E. K., and Son, J. H. Clinical efficacy and safety of Lyprinol, a patented extract from New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna Canaliculus) in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: a multicenter 2-month clinical trial. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;35(6):212-216. View abstract.
  • Croft, J. E. Granulomatous hepatitis and Seatone. Med J Aust 10-4-1980;2(7):401-402. View abstract.
  • Darlington, L. G. and Ramsey, N. W. Review of dietary therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Compr.Ther 1994;20(9):490-494. View abstract.
  • Fabrin, B. [Possible toxic hepatitis after intake of an alternative preparation]. Ugeskr.Laeger 6-13-1988;150(24):1474-1475. View abstract.
  • Gibson SL and Gibson RG. The treatment of arthritis with a lipid extract of Perna canaliculus: a randomised trial. Comp Ther Med 1998;6:122-126.
  • Gibson, R. G. and Gibson, S. L. Green-lipped mussel extract in arthritis. Lancet 2-21-1981;1(8217):439. View abstract.
  • Gibson, R. G. and Gibson, S. L. New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract (Seatone) in rheumatoid arthritis. N Z Med J 7-22-1981;94(688):67-68. View abstract.
  • Gibson, R. G. and Gibson, S. L. Seatone in arthritis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 5-30-1981;282(6278):1795. View abstract.
  • Gibson, R. G. and Gibson, S. L. Seatone in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1985;44(9):645-646. View abstract.
  • Green-lipped mussel extract in arthritis. Lancet 1-10-1981;1(8211):85. View abstract.
  • Gruenwald, J., Graubaum, H., Hansen, K., and Grube, B. Efficacy and tolerability of a combination of LYPRINOL and high concentrations of EPA and DHA in inflammatory rheumatoid disorders... eicosapentaenoic acid... decosahexaenoid acid. Advances in Therapy 2004;21(3):197-201.
  • Halpern, C. and Georges, M. Anti-inflammatory Effects of a Stabilized Lipid Extract of Perna Canaliculus (Lyprinol). Townsend Letter for Doctors & Patients 2000;(202):109-113.
  • Halpern, G. M. Anti-inflammatory effects of a stabilized lipid extract of Perna canaliculus (Lyprinol). Allerg.Immunol (Paris) 2000;32(7):272-278. View abstract.
  • Jacobs, J. W., Rasker, J. J., Van Riel, P. L., Gribnau, F. W., and van de Putte, L. B. [Alternative treatment methods in rheumatic diseases; a literature review]. Ned.Tijdschr.Geneeskd. 2-23-1991;135(8):317-322. View abstract.
  • Kendall, R. V., Lawson, J. W., and Hurley, L. A. New research and a clinical report on the use of Perna canaliculus in the management of arthritis. Townsend Lett Dr Patients 2000;204(98):111.
  • Lau, S., Chiu, P. K., Chu, E. M. Y., Cheng, I. Y. W., Tang, W. M., Man, R. Y. K., and Halpern, G. M. Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with Lyprinol, lipid extract of the green-lipped mussel - a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Progress in Nutrition 2004;61(17):17-31.
  • Lawson, B. R., Belkowski, S. M., Whitesides, J. F., Davis, P., and Lawson, J. W. Immunomodulation of murine collagen-induced arthritis by N, N-dimethylglycine and a preparation of Perna canaliculus. BMC.Complement Altern Med 2007;7:20. View abstract.
  • McPhee, S., Hodges, L. D., Wright, P. F., Wynne, P. M., Kalafatis, N., Harney, D. W., and Macrides, T. A. Anti-cyclooxygenase effects of lipid extracts from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol.Biol 2007;146(3):346-356. View abstract.
  • New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract (Seatone) and rheumatoid arthritis. N Z Med J 5-27-1981;93(684):343. View abstract.
  • Pollard, B., Guilford, W. G., Ankenbauer-Perkins, K. L., and Hedderley, D. Clinical efficacy and tolerance of an extract of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) in dogs presumptively diagnosed with degenerative joint disease. N Z Vet.J 2006;54(3):114-118. View abstract.
  • Singh, M., Hodges, L. D., Wright, P. F., Cheah, D. M., Wynne, P. M., Kalafatis, N., and Macrides, T. A. The CO2-SFE crude lipid extract and the free fatty acid extract from Perna canaliculus have anti-inflammatory effects on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol.Biol 2008;149(2):251-258. View abstract.
  • Treschow, A. P., Hodges, L. D., Wright, P. F., Wynne, P. M., Kalafatis, N., and Macrides, T. A. Novel anti-inflammatory omega-3 PUFAs from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol.Biol 2007;147(4):645-656. View abstract.
  • Whitehouse, M. W., Macrides, T. A., Kalafatis, N., Betts, W. H., Haynes, D. R., and Broadbent, J. Anti-inflammatory activity of a lipid fraction (lyprinol) from the NZ green-lipped mussel. Inflammopharmacology. 1997;5(3):237-246. View abstract.
  • Wolyniak, C. J., Brenna, T., Murphy, K. J., and Sinclair, A. J. Gas chromatography-chemical ionization-mass spectrometric fatty acid analysis of a commercial supercritical carbon dioxide lipid extract from New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus). Lipids 2005;40(4):355-360. View abstract.
  • Baum K, Telford RD, Cunningham RB. Marine oil dietary supplementation reduces delayed onset muscle soreness after a 30 km run. Open Access J Sports Med. 2013;4:109-15. View abstract.
  • Caughey, DE, Grigor RR, Caughey EB, et al. Perna canaliculus in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Rheum Inflamm 1983;6:197-200. View abstract.
  • Cobb CS, Ernst E. Systematic review of a marine nutriceutical supplement in clinical trials for arthritis: the effectiveness of the New Zealand green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus. Clin Rheumatol 2006;25:275-84. View abstract.
  • Couch RA, Ormrod DJ, Miller TE, Watkins WB. Anti-inflammatory activity in fractionated extracts of the green-lipped mussel. N Z Med J 1982;95:803-6. View abstract.
  • Coulson S, Palacios T, Vitetta L. Perna canaliculus (Green-Lipped Mussel): Bioactive components and therapeutic evaluation for chronic health conditions. Prog Drug Res 2015;70:91-132. View abstract.
  • Coulson S, Vecchio P, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L. Green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract efficacy in knee osteoarthritis and improvement in gastrointestinal dysfunction: a pilot study. Inflammopharmacology 2012;20:71-6. View abstract.
  • Emelyanov A, Fedoseev G, Krasnoschekova O, et al. Treatment of asthma with lipid extract of New Zealand green-lipped mussel: a randomised clinical trial. Eur Respir J 2002;20:596-600. View abstract.
  • Gibson RG, Gibson SL, Conway V, Chappell D. Perna canaliculus in the treatment of arthritis. Practitioner 1980;224:955-60. View abstract.
  • Gibson SL. The effect of a lipid extract of the New Zealand green-lipped mussel in three cases of arthritis. J Altern Complement Med 2000;6:351-4. View abstract.
  • Gibson SLM, Gibson RG. The treatment of arthritis with a lipid extract of Perna canaliculus: a randomised trial. Complement Ther Med 1998;6:122-6.
  • Highton TC, McArthur AW. Pilot study on the effect of New Zealand green mussel on rheumatoid arthritis. N Z Med J 1975;81:261-2. View abstract.
  • Huskisson EC, Scott J, Bryans R. Seatone is ineffective in rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med J 1981;282:1358-9. View abstract.
  • Kean JD, Sarris J, Scholey A, Silberstein R, Downey LA, Stough C. Reduced inattention and hyperactivity and improved cognition after marine oil extract (PCSO-524®) supplementation in children and adolescents with clinical and subclinical symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2017;234(3):403-420. View abstract.
  • Larkin JG, Capell HA, Sturrock RD. Seatone in rheumatoid arthritis: a six-month placebo-controlled study. Ann Rheum Dis 1985;44:199-201. View abstract.
  • Lello J, Liang A, Robinson E, et al. Treatment of children's asthma with a lipid extract of the new Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) (Lyprinol®)-A double blind, randomized controlled trial in children with moderate to serve chronic obstructive asthma. Internet J Asthma Allergy Immunol 2012;8.
  • Mickleborough TD, Sinex JA, Platt D, Chapman RF, Hirt M. The effects PCSO-524®, a patented marine oil lipid and omega-3 PUFA blend derived from the New Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), on indirect markers of muscle damage and inflammation after muscle damaging exercise in untrained men: a randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015;12:10. View abstract.
  • Mickleborough TD, Vaughn CL, Shei RJ, et al. Marine lipid fraction PCSO-524 (lyprinol/omega XL) of the New Zealand green lipped mussel attenuates hyperpnea-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Respir Med 2013;107:1152-63. View abstract.
  • Miller T, Wu H. In vivo evidence for prostaglandin inhibitory activity in New Zealand green-lipped mussel extract. N Z Med J 1984;97:355-7. View abstract.
  • Miller TE, Dodd J, Ormrod DJ, Geddes R. Anti-inflammatory activity of glycogen extracted from Perna canaliculus (NZ green-lipped mussel). Agents Actions 1993;38 Spec No:C139-42. View abstract.
  • Murphy KJ, Mann NJ, Sinclair AJ. Fatty acid and sterol composition of frozen and freeze-dried New Zealand Green Lipped Mussel (Perna canaliculus) from three sites in New Zealand. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2003;12:50-60. View abstract.
  • Murphy KJ, Mooney BD, Mann NJ, et al. Lipid, FA, and sterol composition of New Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) and Tasmanian blue mussel (Mytilus edulis). Lipids 2002;37:587-95. View abstract.
  • Rainsford KD, Whitehouse MW. Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) prepartion. Arzneimittelforschung 1980;30:2128-32. View abstract.
  • Sukumaran S, Pittman KB, Patterson WK, et al. A phase I study to determine the safety, tolerability and maximum tolerated dose of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) lipid extract, in patients with advanced prostate and breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2010;21:1089-93. View abstract.

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

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