Sometimes called Peruvian ginseng, maca root has been used for centuries to improve sexual function and boost energy. Today, you can buy maca in powder form and add it to a smoothie or a bowl of oatmeal. The health benefits of maca powder are hard to prove, but researchers say it is usually safe to use.
The maca plant grows in harsh conditions in the Andes Mountains of Peru. The root of the maca plant looks much like a turnip. Most maca roots are yellow, but there are also red and black varieties.
Nutrition Information
Manufacturers of maca powder use different amounts as serving sizes. Go by the manufacturer's recommendation, or ask your doctor how much to use. One tablespoon contains:
- Calories: 30
- Protein: 1 gram
- Fat: 0 grams
- Carbohydrates: 6 grams
- Fiber: 2 grams
- Sugar: 4 grams
The vitamins and minerals in maca powder can vary according to the variety of root used to make the powder. Also, manufacturing methods can affect the content. Most maca powder will contain:
- Iron
- Potassium
- Calcium
Potential Health Benefits of Maca Powder
Evidence for the health benefits of Peruvian maca is still inconclusive. Also, increased demand for maca has led to its cultivation in other countries. The maca grown in locations other than Peru could have different properties. Consumers should consider these issues when deciding whether to use maca powder.
Maca powder has these potential health benefits:
Healthy Libido
Maca root has been used traditionally as an aphrodisiac. However, studies show limited evidence that maca powder has any effect on libido or sexual function. Most substances considered to be natural aphrodisiacs have not proven effective in clinical trials. Maca powder could be an exception to the rule, but better quality studies are needed to draw real conclusions.
Improved Erectile Function
In one study, maca extract improved mild erectile dysfunction. The study relied on self-reporting, and both the placebo group and the group using maca showed some improvement. The results with maca were better than those with placebo. Erectile dysfunction can have several causes. More research is needed to determine which ones could improve with the use of maca powder.
Increased Fertility
While a few studies have shown that maca powder improves semen quality, the research is not strong enough to draw firm conclusions. However, male fertility is a complex subject. In addition to having a normal sperm count, a man must produce sperm that are normally shaped and fast-moving. Semen analysis is a complicated process requiring multiple samples. More research could show exactly how maca powder impacts male fertility.
Energy and Stamina
Another claim about maca powder is that it increases energy and stamina. Animal studies support this claim. Some researchers believe that unique substances appearing in the maca plant boost vitality. They have named these substances macamides.
Potential Risks of Maca Powder
Researchers have found few health risks associated with maca powder. Although some herbal supplements can cause liver damage, maca has not been linked to any reports of liver injury.
Still, those considering maca powder should know about these potential health risks:
Hidden Ingredients
Herbal remedies for erectile dysfunction can be laced with other ingredients, according to the FDA. Some manufacturers add sildenafil, the active ingredient in Viagra, to their products. Sildenafil can cause serious side effects and should be used under a doctor's supervision. The FDA does not test all supplements. Consumers should look for products tested by a third-party agency. Some stores stock only supplements that are third-party tested.
Medication Interactions
Many people use herbal medicines, often without telling their doctors. This practice can be dangerous, as plant-based supplements like maca powder can interact with other drugs. Herb-drug interactions are rarer than once thought. Still, the risk is real—especially for older adults who are likely to take multiple medications.