THEANINE

OTHER NAME(S):

2-Amino-4- (ethylcarbamoyl) Butyric Acid, 5-N-ethylglutamine, Gamma-ethylamino-L-glutamic acid, Gamma-glutamylethylamide, Gamma-N-ethylglutamine, L-gamma-glutamylethylamide, L-Theanine, L-Théanine, N-Éthyl-L-Glutamine, Teanina, Théanine.

Overview

Overview Information

Theanine is an amino acid found in tea. It is also found in some mushrooms.

Theanine is used to improve mental function. It is also used for anxiety, mental impairment, stress, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

How does it work?

Theanine has a chemical structure very similar to glutamate, a naturally occurring amino acid in the body that helps transmit nerve impulses in the brain. Some of the effects of theanine appear to be similar to glutamate, and some effects seem to block glutamate.

Uses

Uses & Effectiveness?

Possibly Effective for

  • Memory and thinking skills (cognitive function). Taking theanine might help healthy people stay focused on a task over long periods of time. It might also help people with lower thinking skills perform tasks that require them to find words in a specific category. But it doesn't seem to improve other measures of memory or thinking. Some research has assessed the effects of theanine along with caffeine. This combination seems to improve a person's ability to switch attention between different tasks. It's unclear if the combination works better than either single ingredient.

Insufficient Evidence for

  • Ability to pay attention. Early research shows that taking 200 mg of theanine before a test improves attention. Taking theanine with caffeine seems to work better than taking theanine alone. Taking lower doses of theanine might not improve attention.
  • Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Some early research shows that taking theanine might improve memory and thinking skills, but not attention or impulse control, in children with ADHD. Other early research shows that taking theanine twice daily for 6 weeks increases restful sleep and decreases nightly activity during sleep in boys ages 8-12 with ADHD.
  • Diarrhea caused by cancer drug treatment. Taking a product containing cysteine and theanine might reduce diarrhea and loss of appetite caused by some cancer drugs in people with colon cancer. But it doesn't seem to reduce these side effects of cancer drugs in people with stomach cancer. It also doesn't seem to reduce diarrhea caused by all cancer drugs.
  • Decline in memory and thinking skills in older people that is more than what is normal for their age. Early research shows that taking a product containing theanine and green tea might improve memory or attention in people with mild mental impairment.
  • Depression. Early research shows that taking theanine by mouth at bedtime for 8 weeks decreases symptoms and improves sleep in people with depression.
  • Flu (influenza). Early research shows that taking a combination of green tea extract plus theanine daily for 5 months may lower the risk of developing the flu.
  • Schizophrenia. Some early research shows that taking theanine by mouth along with antipsychotic drugs improves positive symptoms but not negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Other early research shows that taking theanine with pregnenolone and antipsychotic drugs improves negative symptoms but not positive symptoms. More research is needed to determine the effects, if any, of theanine on symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • Stress. The effects of theanine on stress are conflicting. Some early research shows that taking 200 mg of theanine before an exam reduces anxiety and may prevent blood pressure from increasing due to stress. Other early research shows that taking 200 mg of theanine twice daily before and during pharmacy practice decreases stress levels. However, another early study shows that taking 200 mg of theanine helps promote tranquility in people who are already relaxed. But it doesn't work in people who are stressed. Reasons for the conflicting results are not clear.
  • Alzheimer disease.
  • Anxiety.
  • Cancer.
  • High blood pressures.
  • Sleep.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of theanine for these uses.

Side Effects

Side Effects & Safety

When taken by mouth: Theanine is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth, short-term. Doses of up to 400 mg of theanine daily have been safely used for 8 weeks. A specific product containing theanine and other green tea ingredients has also been used safely once daily for up to 5 months. It is unknown if theanine is safe when used for longer periods of time. Theanine may cause mild adverse effects, such as headache or sleepiness.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if theanine is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Children: Theanine is POSSIBLY SAFE for children when taken by mouth, short-term. Doses of 200 mg of theanine have been safely used twice daily for up to 6 weeks in boys aged 8-12 years.

Low blood pressure: Theanine might lower blood pressure. In theory, theanine might increase the risk of blood pressure dropping too low in people prone to low blood pressure. If you have low blood pressure, discuss theanine with your healthcare provider before starting it.

Interactions

Interactions?

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

!

  • Medications for high blood pressure (Antihypertensive drugs) interacts with THEANINE

    Theanine seems to decrease blood pressure. Taking theanine along with medications for high blood pressure might cause your blood pressure to go too low.

    Some medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.

  • Stimulant drugs interacts with THEANINE

    Stimulant drugs speed up the nervous system. By speeding up the nervous system stimulant medications can make you feel jittery and speed up your heartbeat. Theanine might work to slow down the nervous system. Taking theanine along with stimulant medications might decrease the effectiveness of stimulant medications.

    Some stimulant drugs include diethylpropion (Tenuate), epinephrine, phentermine (Ionamin), pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), and many others.

Dosing

Dosing

The following doses have been studied in scientific research:

ADULTS

BY MOUTH:

  • For memory and thinking skills (cognitive function): A single dose of 100 mg of theanine before a test has been used. Theanine 200 mg daily for 4 weeks has been used. Theanine has also been used in combination with caffeine. Combination doses have ranged from 30-100 mg of caffeine and 12-100 mg of theanine.

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Next: Uses

View References

REFERENCES:

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

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