Overview
The tea tree was named by eighteenth century sailors, who made tea that smelled like nutmeg from the leaves of the tree. The chemicals in tea tree oil might kill bacteria, fungus, and mites, and reduce allergic skin reactions by decreasing swelling.
People use tea tree oil for acne, toenail fungus, and athlete's foot. It's also used for dandruff, lice, bad breath, and other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support its other uses.
Do not confuse the tea tree with the unrelated common tea plant that is used to make black and green teas.
Uses & Effectiveness ?
Possibly Effective for
- Acne. Applying a tea tree oil 5% gel appears to work as well as benzoyl peroxide 5% for treating acne. Tea tree oil might work more slowly than benzoyl peroxide, but seems to be less irritating to the face. When applied twice daily for 45 days, tea tree oil can reduce acne severity.
- Toenail fungus (onychomycosis). Applying 100% tea tree oil solution to the skin twice daily for 6 months can cure fungal toenail infections in 1 out of 5 people who try it. It can also improve nail appearance and symptoms in 2 out of 3 people after 3-6 months. It seems to work about as well as clotrimazole 1% solution twice daily. But lower concentrations of tea tree oil do not seem to work.
- Athlete's foot (Tinea pedis). Applying a tea tree oil 10% cream works about as well as tolnaftate 1% cream for improving symptoms of athlete's foot. But the tea tree oil cream doesn't seem to cure the infection. Applying a stronger tea tree oil solution (25% or 50%) can help to clear up the infection in about half of people who try it for 4 weeks. But this higher concentration doesn't work as well as standard treatments, such as clotrimazole or terbinafine.
Side Effects
When applied to the skin: Tea tree oil is possibly safe for most people. It may cause skin irritation and swelling. In people with acne, it can sometimes cause skin dryness, itching, stinging, burning, and redness.
Special Precautions and Warnings
When applied to the skin: Tea tree oil is possibly safe for most people. It may cause skin irritation and swelling. In people with acne, it can sometimes cause skin dryness, itching, stinging, burning, and redness. Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Tea tree oil is possibly safe when applied to the skin. However, it is likely unsafe if taken by mouth. Ingestion of tea tree oil can be toxic.
Children: Tea tree oil is likely unsafe when taken by mouth. It has caused serious side effects, including confusion, inability to walk, unsteadiness, rash, and coma. Applying tea tree oil to the skin is possibly safe. It may cause skin irritation and swelling. In people with acne, it can sometimes cause skin dryness, itching, stinging, burning, and redness.
Cross-reactions: Applying tea tree oil might cause skin itching and burning in people with allergies to other plants.
Interactions ?
We currently have no information for TEA TREE OIL overview.
Dosing
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Cox, S. D., Gustafson, J. E., Mann, C. M., Markham, J. L., Liew, Y. C., Hartland, R. P., Bell, H. C., Warmington, J. R., and Wyllie, S. G. Tea tree oil causes K+ leakage and inhibits respiration in Escherichia coli. Lett Appl Microbiol 1998;26(5):355-358. View abstract.
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Arweiler NB, Donos N, Netuschil L, Reich E and Sculean A. Clinical and antibacterial effect of tea tree oil--a pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2000;4(2):70-73. View abstract.
Barker SC and Altman PM. A randomised, assessor blind, parallel group comparative efficacy trial of three products for the treatment of head lice in children--melaleuca oil and lavender oil, pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide, and a "suffocation" product. BMC Dermatol 2010;10:6. View abstract.
Barker SC and Altman PM. An ex vivo, assessor blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative efficacy trial of the ovicidal activity of three pediculicides after a single application--melaleuca oil and lavender oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil, and a "suffocation" pediculicide. BMC Dermatol 2011;11:14. View abstract.
Bassett IB, Pannowitz DL, Barnetson RS. A comparative study of tea-tree oil versus benzoylperoxide in the treatment of acne. Med J Aust 1990;153:455-8. View abstract.
Bhushan M, Beck MH. Allergic contact dermatitis from tea tree oil in a wart paint. Contact Dermatitis 1997;36:117-8. View abstract.
Blackwell AL. Tea tree oil and anaerobic (bacterial) vaginosis. Lancet 1991;337:300. View abstract.
Blackwood B, Thompson G, McMullan R, Stevenson M, Riley TV, Alderdice FA, Trinder TJ, Lavery GG, McAuley DF. Tea tree oil (5%) body wash versus standard care (Johnson's Baby Softwash) to prevent colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in critically ill adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013 May;68(5):1193-9. View abstract.
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Buck DS, Nidorf DM, Addino JG. Comparison of two topical preparations for the treatment of onychomycosis: Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and clotimazole. J Fam Pract 1994;38:601-5. View abstract.
Buck DS, Nidorf DM, Addino JG. Comparison of two topical preparations for the treatment of onychomycosis: Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and clotrimazole. J Fam Pract 1994;38:601-5. View abstract.
Caelli M and Riley T. Tea tree oil - an alternative topical decolonisation agent for adult inpatients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) - a pilot study. J Hosp Infect 1998;40 (Suppl A):9.
Caelli M., Porteous J., Carson C. F., Heller R. and Riley T. V. Tea tree oil as an alternative topical decolonization agent for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect 2000;46(3):236-237. View abstract.
Canyon DV and Speare R. A comparison of botanical and synthetic substances commonly used to prevent head lice (Pediculus humanus var. capitis) infestation. Int J Dermatol 2007;46(4):422-426. View abstract.
Carson C. F. and Riley T. V. Safety, efficacy and provenance of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil. Contact Dermatitis 2001;45(2):65-67. View abstract.
Carson CF, Cookson BD, Farrelly HD, Riley TV. Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995;35:421-4.. View abstract.
Carson CF, Riley TV, Cookson BD. Efficacy and safety of tea tree oil as a topical antimicrobial agent. J Hosp Infect 1998;40:175-8. View abstract.
Carson CF, Riley TV. The antimicrobial activity of tea tree oil. Med J Aust 1994;160:236. View abstract.
Carson CF, Riley TV. Toxicity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia or tea tree oil. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1995;33:193-4. View abstract.
Carson CR, Ashton L, Dry L, et al. Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil gel (6%) for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001;48:450-1. View abstract.
Catalan A, Pacheco JG, Martinez A and Mondaca MA. In vitro and in vivo activity of Melaleuca alternifolia mixed with tissue conditioner on Candida albicans. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008;105(3):327-332. View abstract.
Chan CH, Loudon KW. Activity of tea tree oil on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). J Hosp Infect 1998;39:244-5. View abstract.
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De Groot A. C. and Weyland J. W. Systemic contact dermatitis from tea tree oil. Contact Dermatitis 1992;27(4):279-280. View abstract.
De Groot AC. Airborn allergic contact dermatitis from tea tree oil. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:304-5. View abstract.
Del Beccaro MA. Melaleuca oil poisoning in a 17-month-old. Vet Hum Toxicol 1995;37:557-8. View abstract.
Dryden M. S., Dailly S. and Crouch M. A randomized, controlled trial of tea tree topical preparations versus a standard topical regimen for the clearance of MRSA colonization. J Hosp Infect 2004;56(4):283-286. View abstract.
Ebneyamin E, Mansouri P, Rajabi M, Qomi M, Asgharian R, Azizian Z. The efficacy and safety of permethrin 2.5% with tea tree oil gel on rosacea treatment: A double-blind, controlled clinical trial. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019. View abstract.
Edmondson M, Newall N, Carville K, Smith J, Riley TV and Carson CF. Uncontrolled, open-label, pilot study of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil solution in the decolonisation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus positive wounds and its influence on wound healing. Int Wound J 2011;8(4):375-384. View abstract.
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Enshaieh S, Jooya A, Siadat AH, and Iraji F. The efficacy of 5% topical tea tree oil gel in mild to moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2007;73(1):22-25. View abstract.
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Gao YY, Di Pascuale MA, Elizondo A and Tseng SC. Clinical treatment of ocular demodecosis by lid scrub with tea tree oil. Cornea 2007;26(2):136-143. View abstract.
Greig JE, Thoo SL, Carson CF, Riley TV. Allergic contact dermatitis following use of a tea tree oil hand-wash not due to tea tree oil. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41:354-5. View abstract.
Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. In vitro activities of ketoconazole, econazole, miconazole, and Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil against Malassezia species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000;44:467-9. View abstract.
Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. In-vitro activity of essential oils, in particular Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and tea tree oil products, against Candida spp. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998;42:591-5. View abstract.
Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. Susceptibility of transient and commensal skin flora to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil). Am J Infect Control 1996;24:186-9.. View abstract.
Henley DV, Lipson N, Korach KS, Bloch CA. Prepubertal gynecomastia linked to lavender and tea tree oils. N Eng J Med 2007;356:479-85. View abstract.
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Pearce AL, Finlay-Jones JJ, Hart PH. Reduction of nickel-induced contact hypersensitivity reactions by topical tea tree oil in humans. Inflamm Res 2005;54:22-30. View abstract.
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