EVODIA

OTHER NAME(S):

Evodia Extract, Evodia Lepta, Evodiae, Evodiae Fructus, Evodia Fruit, Evodiamine, Evodia officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Extrait d’Evodia, E. rutaecarpa, E. officinalis, Gosyuyu, San Cha Ku, Wu-Chu-Yu, Wu-Zhu-Yu.<br/><br/>

Overview

Overview Information

Evodia is a tree that is native to China and Korea. Evodia fruit, which has a strong bitter taste, is commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The fruit and root bark are also used as medicine in other herbal practice.

Evodia is used for digestion problems including diarrhea, dysentery, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), stomach ulcers, and lack of appetite.

It is also used for obesity, headache, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure (CHF), infections caused by viruses, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and fluid retention.

Women use evodia to prevent pregnancy, start their periods, and treat bleeding after giving birth.

Evodia root bark is used for infections caused by parasites such as tapeworm and pinworm.

How does it work?

Chemicals contained in evodia might have several effects in the body. They might decrease pain and swelling (inflammation), decrease diarrhea, decrease blood pressure, stimulate the heart, and have many other effects. But these effects have only been shown in animals. There is not enough information to know if evodia has these effects in people.

Uses

Uses & Effectiveness?

Insufficient Evidence for

More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of evodia for these uses.

Side Effects

Side Effects & Safety

There is not enough information available to know if evodia is safe or what the possible side effects might be.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: It might be UNSAFE to use evodia if you are pregnant. It contains some chemicals that affects pregnant animals. These chemicals cause the animals’ uterus to contract and also seem to reduce the size of the litter. It’s not known if evodia affects pregnant women, but it’s best to stay on the safe side and avoid use.

It’s also best to avoid using evodia if you are breast-feeding. Not enough is known about its effects.

Surgery: Evodia seems to slow blood clotting. There is a concern that it might increase the risk of bleeding during and after surgery. Stop using evodia at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.

Interactions

Interactions?

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

!

  • Caffeine interacts with EVODIA

    The body breaks down caffeine to get rid of it. Evodia might increase how quickly the body gets rid of caffeine. Taking evodia along with caffeine might decrease the effects of caffeine.

  • Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates) interacts with EVODIA

    Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Evodia might increase how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking evodia along with these medications might decrease how well the medications work.<br><nb>Some of these medications that are changed by the liver include clozapine (Clozaril), cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), fluvoxamine (Luvox), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), mexiletine (Mexitil), olanzapine (Zyprexa), pentazocine (Talwin), propranolol (Inderal), tacrine (Cognex), zileuton (Zyflo), zolmitriptan (Zomig), and others.

  • Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates) interacts with EVODIA

    Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Evodia might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking evodia along with these medications might increase the effects and side effects of these medications.<br><nb>Some medications changed by the liver include lovastatin (Mevacor), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), fexofenadine (Allegra), triazolam (Halcion), and many others.

  • Medications that change the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) inhibitors) interacts with EVODIA

    Some medications decrease how well the liver breaks down other medications. These medications that change the liver might decrease how fast chemicals in evodia are broken down in the body. This might increase the effects and side effects of evodia.

  • Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs) interacts with EVODIA

    Evodia might slow blood clotting. Taking evodia along with medications that also slow clotting might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.<br><nb>Some medications that slow blood clotting include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn, others), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

  • Theophylline interacts with EVODIA

    The body breaks down theophylline to get rid of it. Evodia might increase how quickly the body gets rid of theophylline. Taking evodia along with theophylline might decrease the effectiveness of theophylline.

Dosing

Dosing

The appropriate dose of evodia depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for evodia. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

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View References

REFERENCES:

  • Adams M, Kunert O, Haslinger E, Bauer R. Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis by quinolone alkaloids from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. Planta Med 2004;70:904-8. View abstract.
  • Chiou WF, Chou CJ, Liao JF, et al. The mechanism of the vasodilator effect of rutaecarpine, an alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa. Eur J Pharmacol 1994;257:59-66. View abstract.
  • Fei XF, Wang BX, Li TJ, et al. Evodiamine, a constituent of Evodiae Fructus, induces anti-proliferating effects in tumor cells. Cancer Sci 2003;94:92-8. View abstract.
  • Hamasaki N, Ishii E, Tominaga K, et al. Highly selective antibacterial activity of novel alkyl quinolone alkaloids from a Chinese herbal medicine, Gosyuyu (Wu-Chu-Yu), against Helicobacter pylori in vitro. Microbiol Immunol 2000;44:9-15. View abstract.
  • Iwata H, Tezuka Y, Kadota S, et al. Mechanism-based inactivation of human liver microsomal CYP3A4 by rutaecarpine and limonin from Evodia fruit extract. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2005;20:34-45. View abstract.
  • Jin HZ, Lee JH, Lee D, et al. Quinolone alkaloids with inhibitory activity against nuclear factor of activated T cells from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27:926-8. View abstract.
  • King CL, Kong YC, Wong NS, et al. Uterotonic effect of Evodia rutaecarpa alkaloids. J Nat Prod 1980;43:577-82. View abstract.
  • Kobayashi Y, Hoshikuma K, Nakano Y, et al. The positive inotropic & chronotropic effects of evodiamine & rutaecarpine, indoloquinazoline alkaloids isolated from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa, on the guinea-pig isolated right atria: possible involvement of vanilloid receptors. Planta Med 2001;67:244-8. View abstract.
  • Kobayashi Y, Nakano Y, Kizaki M, et al. Capsaicin-like anti-obese activities of evodiamine from fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa, a vanilloid receptor agonist. Planta Med 2001;67:628-33. View abstract.
  • Kobayashi Y. The nociceptive and anti-nociceptive effects of evodiamine from fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa in mice. Planta Med 2003;69:425-8. View abstract.
  • Lee SK, Kim NH, Lee J, et al. Induction of cytochrome P450s by rutaecarpine and metabolism of rutaecarpine by cytochrome P450s. Planta Med 2004;70:753-7. View abstract.
  • Liao CH, Pan SL, Guh JH, et al. Antitumor mechanism of evodiamine, a constituent from Chinese herb Evodiae fructus, in human multiple-drug resistant breast cancer NCI/ADR-RES cells in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 2005;26:968-75. View abstract.
  • Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M, Iinuma M, Kubo M. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of limonin isolated from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa var. bodinieri. Planta Med 1998;64:339-42. View abstract.
  • Moon TC, Murakami M, Kudo I, et al. A new class of COX-2 inhibitor, rutaecarpine from Evodia rutaecarpa. Inflamm Res 1999;48:621-5. View abstract.
  • Ogasawara M, Suzuki H. Inhibition by evodiamine of hepatocyte growth factor-induced invasion and migration of tumor cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27:578-82. View abstract.
  • Park CH, Kim SH, Choi W, et al. Novel anticholinesterase and antiamnesic activities of dehydroevodiamine, a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa. Planta Med 1996;62:405-9. View abstract.
  • Rang WQ, Du YH, Hu CP, et al. Protective effects of evodiamine on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Planta Med 2004;70:1140-3. View abstract.
  • Rho TC, Bae EA, Kim DH, et al. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of quinolone alkaloids from Evodiae fructus. Biol Pharm Bull 1999;22:1141-3. View abstract.
  • Sheu JR, Hung WC, Lee YM, Yen MH. Mechanism of inhibition of platelet aggregation by rutaecarpine, an alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa. Eur J Pharmacol 1996;318:469-75. View abstract.
  • Sheu JR, Hung WC, Wu CH, et al. Antithrombotic effect of rutaecarpine, an alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, on platelet plug formation in in vivo experiments. Br J Haematol 2000;110:110-5. View abstract.
  • Sheu JR, Kan YC, Hung WC, et al. The antiplatelet activity of rutaecarpine, an alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, is mediated through inhibition of phospholipase C. Thromb Res 1998;92:53-64. View abstract.
  • Shoji N, Umeyama A, Takemoto T, et al. Isolation of evodiamine, a powerful cardiotonic principle, from Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham (Rutaceae). J Pharm Sci 1986;75:612-3. View abstract.
  • Takada Y, Kobayashi Y, Aggarwal BB. Evodiamine abolishes constitutive & inducible NF-kappaB activation by inhibiting IkappaBalpha kinase activation, thereby suppressing NF-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic & metastatic gene expression, up-regulating apoptosis, & inhibit invasion. Biol Chem 2005;280:17203-12. View abstract.
  • Tominaga K, Higuchi K, Hamasaki N, et al. In vivo action of novel alkyl methyl quinolone alkaloids against Helicobacter pylori. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002;50:547-52. View abstract.
  • Tsai TH, Chang CH, Lin LC. Effects of Evodia rutaecarpa and rutaecarpine on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in rats. Planta Med 2005;71:640-5. View abstract.
  • Ueng YF, Jan WC, Lin LC, et al. The alkaloid rutaecarpine is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A in mouse and human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:349-53. View abstract.
  • Ueng YF, Tsai TH, Don MJ, et al. Alteration of the pharmacokinetics of theophylline by rutaecarpine, an alkaloid of the medicinal herb Evodia rutaecarpa, in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2005;57:227-32. View abstract.
  • Wang L, Hu CP, Deng PY, et al. The protective effects of rutaecarpine on gastric mucosa injury in rats. Planta Med 2005;71:416-9. View abstract.
  • Wu CL, Hung CR, Chang FY, et al. Effects of evodiamine on gastrointestinal motility in male rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2002;457:169-76. View abstract.
  • Yang MC, Wu SL, Kuo JS, Chen CF. The hypotensive and negative chronotropic effects of dehydroevodiamine. Eur J Pharmacol 1990;182:537-42. View abstract.
  • Yi HH, Rang WQ, Deng PY, et al. Protective effects of rutaecarpine in cardiac anaphylactic injury is mediated by CGRP. Planta Med 2004;70:1135-9. View abstract.
  • Yu LL, Liao JF, Chen CF. Anti-diarrheal effect of water extract of Evodiae fructus in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;73:39-45. View abstract.
  • Zhang Y, Wu LJ, Tashiro S, et al. Evodiamine induces tumor cell death through different pathways: apoptosis and necrosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2004;25:83-9. View abstract.

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

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