SULBUTIAMINE

OTHER NAME(S):

2-Isobutyryl-thiamine Disulfide, 4-[(4-amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formyl-amino]-3-[[(E)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)pent-2-en-3-yl]disulfanyl]-pent-3-enyl]-2-methylpropanoate, Bis(1-(2-isobutyryloxyethyl)-2-(N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)formamido)-1-propenyl)disulfide, Bis(1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)-2-formyl-3,9-dimethyl-8-oxo-2-aza-7-oxa-3-decen-4-yl)disulfide, Bis(2-(isobutyryloxy)ethyl-1-N-((4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)formamido-2-propene-1-yl)disulfide, Bisibuthiamine, Bisibutiamin, Bisibutiamine, BRN 0741531, EINECS 221-937-3, N,N'-(Dithiobis(2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-methylvinylene))bis(N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)formamide)diisobutyrate (ester), O,O'-Diisobutyrylthiamine disulfide, O-Isobutyrylthiamine Disulfide, Sulbuthiamine, Sulbutiamin, Sulbutiamina, Sulbutiamine, Sulbutiaminum, UNII-42NCM1BW43, Vitaberin.

Overview

Overview Information

Sulbutiamine is a man-made chemical similar to vitamin B1 (thiamine). Unlike vitamin B1, which dissolves in water, sulbutiamine dissolves in fats. Sulbutiamine is able to increase thiamine levels in the brain. It is thought to have mild stimulant effects.

Sulbutiamine is used for weakness, fatigue, to enhance athletic performance, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.

In December 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration added sulbutiamine to the Dietary Supplement Ingredient Advisory List. The ingredients on this list might not be lawful to include in dietary supplements. For this reason, people may want to avoid using supplements containing sulbutiamine.

How does it work?

It is not fully understood how sulbutiamine works. However, it seems to have various effects on the brain that might improve memory and reduce feelings of weakness.

Uses

Uses & Effectiveness?

Insufficient Evidence for

More evidence is needed to rate sulbutiamine for these uses.

Side Effects

Side Effects & Safety

When taken by mouth: Sulbutiamine is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth, short-term. A dose of 600 mg daily has been used safely for up to 2 months. A small number of people taking sulbutiamine have reported nausea, headache, tiredness, and inability to sleep.

There isn't enough reliable information to know if sulbutiamine is safe to use long-term.

Special Precautions & Warnings:

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking sulbutiamine if you are pregnant or breast feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Psychiatric disorders: People with certain psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder, may be more likely to abuse drugs. These individuals may be more likely to abuse sulbutiamine. Until more is known about sulbutiamine, people with psychiatric disorders should use sulbutiamine cautiously. These patients should not discontinue use of their prescribed treatments.

Interactions

Interactions?

We currently have no information for SULBUTIAMINE Interactions.

Dosing

Dosing

The appropriate dose of sulbutiamine depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for sulbutiamine (in children/in adults). Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

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View References

REFERENCES:

  • Perello, C. Sulbutiamine in the treatment of chronic fatigue in multiple sclerosis. 21st Congress of the European Committee for the Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis: 10th Annual Meeting of the Americas Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis. Quality of Life. Sept. 29, 2005.
  • Bettendorff L, Weekers L, Wins P, et al. Injection of sulbutiamine induces an increase in thiamine triphosphate in rat tissue. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990;40(11):2557-60. View abstract.
  • Bizot J, Herpin A, Pothion S, et al. Chronic treatment with sulbutiamine improves memory in an object recognition task and reduces some amnesic effects of dizocilpine in a spatial delayed-non-match-to-sample task. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2005;29(6):928-35. View abstract.
  • Dmitriev D, Gamidov S, Permiakova O. [Clinical efficacy of the drug enerion in the treatment of patients with psychogenic (functional) erectile dysfunction]. Urologiia. 2005;(1):32-5. View abstract.
  • Douzenis A, Michopoulos I, Lykouras L. Sulbutiamine, an 'innocent' over the counter drug, interferes with therapeutic outcomes of bipolar disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2006;7(3):183-5. View abstract.
  • Fujihira E, Tarumoto Y, Ajioka M, Mori T, Nakazawa M. [Analgesic effect of o-isobutyrylthiamine disulfide on experimentally induced pain]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 1973 Mar;93(3):388-91. View abstract.
  • Garcia-Rill E, Kezunovic N, Hyde J, et al. Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS). Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(3):227-38. View abstract.
  • Hills J. The Effect of Thiamine Tetrahydrofurfuryl Disulfide on Operant Learning, Social Behavior, Activity, Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle, and Auditory Brainstem Response Threshold in the DBA/2J Mouse. ProQuest. 2009.
  • Kiew K, Wan Mohamad W, Ridzuan A, et al. Effects of sulbutiamine on diabetic polyneuropathy: an open randomized controlled study in type 2 diabetics. Malays J Med Sci. 2002;9(1):21-7. View abstract.
  • Loo H, Poirier M, Ollat H, et al. [Effects of subutiamine (Arcalion 200) on psycho-behavioral inhibition in major depressive episodes]. Encephale. 2000;26(2):70-5. View abstract.
  • Micheau J, Durkin T, Destrade C, et al. Chronic administration of sulbutiamine improves long term memory formation in mice: possible cholinergic mediation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985;23(2):195-8. View abstract.
  • Ollat H, Laurent B, Bakchine S, et al. [Effects of the association of sulbutiamine with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in early stage and moderate Alzheimer disease]. Encephale. 2007;33(2): 211-5. View abstract.
  • Shah S. Adjuvant role of vitamin B analogue (sulbutiamine) with anti-infective treatment in infection associated asthenia. J Assoc Physicians India. 2003;51:891-5. View abstract.
  • Sobolevsky T, Rodchenkov G. Sulbutiamine in sports. Drug Test Anal. 2010;2(11-12):643-6. View abstract.
  • Tiev K, Cabane J, Imbert J. [Treatment of chronic postinfectious fatuge: randomized double-blind study of two doses of sulbutiamine (400-600 mg/day) versus placebo]. Rev Med Interne. 1999;20(10):912-8. View abstract.
  • Trovero F, Gobbi M, Weil-Fuggaza, et al. Evidence for a modulatory effect of sulbutiamine on glutamatergic and dopaminergic cortical transmissions in the rat brain. Neurosci Lett. 2000;292(1):49-53. View abstract.
  • Van Reeth O. Pharmacologic and therapeutic features of sulbutiamine. Drugs Today (Barc). 1999;35(3):187-92. View abstract.
  • Volvert M, Seven S, Piette M, et al. Benfotiamine, a synthetic S-acyl thiamine derivative, has different mechanisms of action and a different pharmacological profile than lipid-soluble thiamine disulfide derivatives. BMC Pharmacol. 2008;8:10. View abstract.
  • Bettendorff L, Weekers L, Wins P, et al. Injection of sulbutiamine induces an increase in thiamine triphosphate in rat tissue. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990;40(11):2557-60. View abstract.
  • Bizot J, Herpin A, Pothion S, et al. Chronic treatment with sulbutiamine improves memory in an object recognition task and reduces some amnesic effects of dizocilpine in a spatial delayed-non-match-to-sample task. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2005;29(6):928-35. View abstract.
  • Douzenis A, Michopoulos I, Lykouras L. Sulbutiamine, an 'innocent' over the counter drug, interferes with therapeutic outcomes of bipolar disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2006;7(3):183-5. View abstract.
  • Fujihira E, Tarumoto Y, Ajioka M, Mori T, Nakazawa M. [Analgesic effect of o-isobutyrylthiamine disulfide on experimentally induced pain]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 1973 Mar;93(3):388-91. View abstract.
  • Garcia-Rill E, Kezunovic N, Hyde J, et al. Coherence and frequency in the reticular activating system (RAS). Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(3):227-38. View abstract.
  • Hills J. The Effect of Thiamine Tetrahydrofurfuryl Disulfide on Operant Learning, Social Behavior, Activity, Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle, and Auditory Brainstem Response Threshold in the DBA/2J Mouse. ProQuest. 2009.
  • Kiew K, Wan Mohamad W, Ridzuan A, et al. Effects of sulbutiamine on diabetic polyneuropathy: an open randomized controlled study in type 2 diabetics. Malays J Med Sci. 2002;9(1):21-7. View abstract.
  • Loo H, Poirier M, Ollat H, et al. [Effects of subutiamine (Arcalion 200) on psycho-behavioral inhibition in major depressive episodes]. Encephale. 2000;26(2):70-5. View abstract.
  • Micheau J, Durkin T, Destrade C, et al. Chronic administration of sulbutiamine improves long term memory formation in mice: possible cholinergic mediation. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985;23(2):195-8. View abstract.
  • Sevim S, Kaleagasi H, Tasdelen B. Sulbutiamine shows promising results in reducing fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2017;16:40-43. View abstract.
  • Shah S. Adjuvant role of vitamin B analogue (sulbutiamine) with anti-infective treatment in infection associated asthenia. J Assoc Physicians India. 2003;51:891-5. View abstract.
  • Sobolevsky T, Rodchenkov G. Sulbutiamine in sports. Drug Test Anal. 2010;2(11-12):643-6. View abstract.
  • Trovero F, Gobbi M, Weil-Fuggaza, et al. Evidence for a modulatory effect of sulbutiamine on glutamatergic and dopaminergic cortical transmissions in the rat brain. Neurosci Lett. 2000;292(1):49-53. View abstract.
  • U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Dietary supplement ingredient advisory list. https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/dietary-supplement-ingredient-advisory-list. Accessed December 17, 2019.
  • Van Reeth O. Pharmacologic and therapeutic features of sulbutiamine. Drugs Today (Barc). 1999;35(3):187-92. View abstract.
  • Volvert M, Seven S, Piette M, et al. Benfotiamine, a synthetic S-acyl thiamine derivative, has different mechanisms of action and a different pharmacological profile than lipid-soluble thiamine disulfide derivatives. BMC Pharmacol. 2008;8:10. View abstract.

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

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