Overview
Policosanol is most commonly used for leg pain during exercise due to poor blood flow (intermittent claudication). It is also used for high cholesterol and heart disease, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
How does it work ?
Uses & Effectiveness ?
Likely Effective for
- Leg pain during exercise due to poor blood flow (intermittent claudication). Taking policosanol by mouth seems to improve the distance people with intermittent claudication can walk without pain.
Insufficient Evidence for
- A procedure to open a blocked or narrowed blood vessel (angioplasty). Early research shows that taking policosanol does not help to decrease platelet activity in people who have had an angioplasty with a stent.
- Heart disease. Early research shows that taking policosanol, alone or with aspirin for 20 months, can reduce heart disease-related events in people with clogged arteries.
- Inherited tendency towards high cholesterol (familial hypercholesterolemia). Early research shows that taking policosanol does not reduce total cholesterol or "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol) in people with inherited high cholesterol.
- High cholesterol. Research findings disagree about the effectiveness of policosanol for treating high cholesterol. There have been some studies that find it effective. However, most of these studies were done in Cuba, where the sugar cane that is used to make policosanol is grown. Most research done outside Cuba (in Germany, Canada, and South Africa) found that policosanol does not lower cholesterol.
- High blood pressure. Some early research shows that taking policosanol might lower blood pressure in people who are beginning to have high blood pressure.
- Abnormal levels of cholesterol or other blood fats (dyslipidemia).
- A grouping of symptoms that increase the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and stroke (metabolic syndrome).
- High levels of cholesterol or other fats (lipids) in the blood (hyperlipidemia).
- Other conditions.
Side Effects
Special Precautions and Warnings
Bleeding disorders: Policosanol can slow blood clotting and might increase the chance of bleeding in people with bleeding disorders.
Diabetes: Policosanol might reduce blood sugar levels. Taking policosanol might increase the risk of blood sugar levels becoming too low, especially if you are using insulin or other diabetes medications.
Surgery: Policosanol can slow blood clotting and reduce blood sugar levels. There is a concern that it might increase the chance of extra bleeding or blood sugar falling too low during and after surgery. Stop using policosanol at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.
Interactions ?
Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Policosanol might slow blood clotting. Taking policosanol along with medications that also slow clotting might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.
Some medications that slow blood clotting include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn, others), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.Medications for high blood pressure (Beta-blockers) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Beta-blockers are used to lower blood pressure. Policosanol might have additive blood pressure-lowering effects in people who are already taking beta-blockers. This might increase the risk of blood pressure going too low. Do not take too much policosanol if you are also taking beta-blockers. Some beta-blockers include atenolol (Tenormin), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), nadolol (Corgard), propranolol (Inderal), and others.
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Policosanol might increase the blood pressure lowering effects of nitroprusside (Nitropress).
Propranolol (Inderal) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Policosanol might increase the blood pressure lowering effects of propranolol (Inderal).
Warfarin (Coumadin) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Policosanol might slow blood clotting. Warfarin also slows blood clotting. Taking policosanol along with warfarin might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding. But some research shows that this is not a big concern. Until more is known, do not take too much policosanol if you are also taking warfarin.
Medications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs) interacts with POLICOSANOL
Policosanol might decrease blood sugar. Diabetes medications are also used to lower blood sugar. Taking policosanol along with diabetes medications might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. The dose of your diabetes medication might need to be changed.
Some medications used for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (Diabeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), and others.
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
Dosing
ADULTS
BY MOUTH:
- For leg pain during exercise due to poor blood flow (intermittent claudication): 10 mg of policosanol has been taken once or twice daily for up to 2 years.
Aleman, C. L., Puig, M. N., Elias, E. C., Ortega, C. H., Guerra, I. R., Ferreiro, R. M., and Brinis, F. Carcinogenicity of policosanol in mice: an 18-month study. Food Chem.Toxicol. 1995;33(7):573-578. View abstract.
Arruzazabala, M. L., Carbajal, D., Mas, R., Valdes, S., and Molina, V. Pharmacological Interaction Between Policosanol and Nitroprusside in Rats. J Med Food 2001;4(2):67-70. View abstract.
Arruzazabala, M. L., Noa, M., Menendez, R., Mas, R., Carbajal, D., Valdes, S., and Molina, V. Protective effect of policosanol on atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits with exogenous hypercholesterolemia. Braz.J Med Biol.Res 2000;33(7):835-840. View abstract.
Carlomagno, G., Pirozzi, C., Mercurio, V., Ruvolo, A., and Fazio, S. Effects of a nutraceutical combination on left ventricular remodeling and vasoreactivity in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc.Dis 2012;22(5):e13-e14. View abstract.
Castano, G., Mas, Ferreiro R., Fernandez, L., Gamez, R., Illnait, J., and Fernandez, C. A long-term study of policosanol in the treatment of intermittent claudication. Angiology 2001;52(2):115-125. View abstract.
Castano, G., Mas, R., Fernandez, L., Gamez, R., and Illnait, J. Effects of policosanol and lovastatin in patients with intermittent claudication: a double-blind comparative pilot study. Angiology 2003;54(1):25-38. View abstract.
Castano, G., Mas, R., Gamez, R., Fernandez, L., and Illnait, J. Effects of policosanol and ticlopidine in patients with intermittent claudication: a double-blinded pilot comparative study. Angiology 2004;55(4):361-371. View abstract.
Cholesterol-lowering action of policosanol compares well to that of pravastatin and lovastatin. Cardiovasc.J.S.Afr. 2003;14(3):161. View abstract.
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Gamez, R., Aleman, C. L., Mas, R., Noa, M., Rodeiro, I., Garcia, H., Hernandez, C., Menendez, R., and Aguilar, C. A 6-Month Study on the Toxicity of High Doses of Policosanol Orally Administered to Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Med Food 2001;4(2):57-65. View abstract.
Illnait, J., Castano, G., Alvarez, E., Fernandez, L., Mas, R., Mendoza, S., and Gamez, R. Effects of policosanol (10 mg/d) versus aspirin (100 mg/d) in patients with intermittent claudication: a 10-week, randomized, comparative study. Angiology 2008;59(3):269-277. View abstract.
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Castano G, Fernandez L, Mas R, et al. Effects of addition of policosanol to omega-3 fatty acid therapy on the lipid profile of patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia. Drugs R.D 2005;6:207-219. View abstract.
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