Beltramino, R., Penenory, A., and Buceta, A. M. An open-label, randomised multicentre study comparing the efficacy and safety of CYCLO 3 FORT versus hydroxyethyl rutoside in chronic venous lymphatic insufficiency. Int Angiol. 1999;18(4):337-342. View abstract.
Cesarone, M. R., Belcaro, G., Pellegrini, L., Ledda, A., Di Renzo, A., Vinciguerra, G., Ricci, A., Gizzi, G., Ippolito, E., Fano, F., Dugall, M., Acerbi, G., and Cacchio, M. HR, 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides, in comparison with diosmin+hesperidin in chronic venous insufficiency and venous microangiopathy: an independent, prospective, comparative registry study. Angiology 2005;56(1):1-8. View abstract.
Mayer, B., Schumacher, M., Brandstatter, H., Wagner, F. S., and Hermetter, A. High-throughput fluorescence screening of antioxidative capacity in human serum. Anal.Biochem 10-15-2001;297(2):144-153. View abstract.
Rehn, D., Unkauf, M., Klein, P., Jost, V., and Lucker, P. W. Comparative clinical efficacy and tolerability of oxerutins and horse chestnut extract in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46(5):483-487. View abstract.
Akhtar NM, Naseer R, Farooqi AZ, Aziz W, Nazir M. Oral enzyme combination versus diclofenac in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee--a double-blind prospective randomized study. Clin Rheumatol. 2004;23(5):410-5. View abstract.
Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Park CH, Park SU. An up-to-date review of rutin and its biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI J 2015;14:59-63. View abstract.
AlSharari SD, Al-Rejaie SS, Abuohashish HM, Ahmed MM, Hafez MM. Rutin attenuates hepatotoxicity in high-cholesterol-diet-fed rats. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2016;2016:5436745. View abstract.
Annoni F, Boccasanta P, Chiurazzi D, et al. [Treatment of acute symptoms of hemorrhoid disease with high-dose oral O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides]. Minerva Med 1986;77(37):1663-1668. View abstract.
Artaria LG. [Prevention of cystoid macular edema with O-beta-hydroxyethyl-rutoside (Venoruton) in a double-blind study]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1982;180(6):568-570. View abstract.
Auteri A, Blardi P, Frigerio C, et al. Pharmacodynamics of troxerutine in patients with chronic venous insufficiency: correlations with plasma drug levels. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1990;10(4):235-241. View abstract.
Balmer A, Limoni C. [Clinical, placebo-controlled double-blind study of venoruton in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Importance of the selection of patients]. Vasa 1980;9(1):76-82. View abstract.
Baumhackl U, Kappos L, Radue EW, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of oral hydrolytic enzymes in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2005;11(2):166-8. View abstract.
Bazyar H, Moradi L, Zaman F, Zare Javid A. The effects of rutin flavonoid supplement on glycemic status, lipid profile, atherogenic index of plasma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), some serum inflammatory, and oxidative stress factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2023;37(1):271-284. View abstract.
Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Bavera P, et al. HR (Venoruton1000, Paroven, 0-[beta-hydroxyethyl]-rutosides) vs. Daflon 500 in chronic venous disease and microangiopathy: an independent prospective, controlled, randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2002;7(3):139-145. View abstract.
Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Nicolaides AN, et al. The LONFLIT4-VENORUTON study: a randomized trial prophylaxis of flight-edema in normal subjects. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2003;9(1):19-23. View abstract.
Belcaro G, Errichi BM, Laurora G, et al. Treatment of acute superficial thrombosis and follow-up by computerized thermography. Vasa 1989;18(3):227-234. View abstract.
Belcaro G, Rulo A, Candiani C. Evaluation of the microcirculatory effects of Venoruton in patients with chronic venous hypertension by laserdoppler flowmetry, transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2 measurements, leg volumetry and ambulatory venous pressure measurements. Vasa 1989;18(2):146-151. View abstract.
Beltramino R, Penenory A, Buceta AM. An open-label, randomized multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of Cyclo 3 Fort versus hydroxyethyl rutoside in chronic venous lymphatic insufficiency. Angiology 2000;51:535-44.. View abstract.
Bergqvist D, Hallbook T, Lindblad B, et al. A double-blind trial of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Vasa 1981;10(3):253-260. View abstract.
Bergstein NA. Clinical study on the efficacy of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)rutoside (HR) in varicosis of pregnancy. J Int Med Res 1975;3(3):189-193. View abstract.
Bolten WW, Glade MJ, Raum S, et al. The safety and efficacy of an enzyme combination in managing knee osteoarthritis pain in adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis. 2015;2015:251521.View abstract.
Cândido TM, De Oliveira CA, Ariede MB, Velasco MVR, Rosado C, Baby AR. Safety and antioxidant efficacy profiles of rutin-loaded ethosomes for topical application. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018;19(4):1773-1780. View abstract.
Cappelli R, Pecchi S, Oberhauser V, et al. Efficacy of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides at high dosage in counteracting the unwanted activity of oral contraceptives on venous function. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1987;7(4):291-299. View abstract.
Casley-Smith JR, Casley-Smith JR, Johnson AF, et al. Benzo-pyrones in the treatment of chronic schizophrenic diseases. Psychiatry Res 1986;18(3):267-273. View abstract.
Casley-Smith JR, Casley-Smith JR. Treatment of lymphedema by complex physical therapy, with and without oral and topical benzopyrones: what should therapists and patients expect. Lymphology 1996;29(2):76-82. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Geroulakos G, et al. Flight microangiopathy on long-haul flights: prevention of edema and microcirculation alterations with Venoruton. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2003;9(2):109-114. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Incandela L, et al. Flight microangiopathy in medium-to-long distance flights: prevention of edema and microcirculation alterations with HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides): a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2002;7 Suppl 1:S17-S20. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Pellegrini L, et al. HR, 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides; (Venoruton): rapid relief of signs/symptoms in chronic venous insufficiency and microangiopathy: a prospective, controlled study. Angiology 2005;56(2):165-172. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Belcaro G, Ricci A, et al. Prevention of edema and flight microangiopathy with Venoruton (HR), (0-[beta-hydroxyethyl]-rutosides) in patients with varicose veins. Angiology 2005;56(3):289-293. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Incandela L, DeSanctis MT, et al. Treatment of edema and increased capillary filtration in venous hypertension with HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides): a clinical, prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, dose-ranging trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2002;7 Suppl 1:S21-S24. View abstract.
Cesarone MR, Laurora G, Ricci A, et al. Acute effects of hydroxyethylrutosides on capillary filtration in normal volunteers, patients with venous hypertension and in patients with diabetic microangiopathy (a dose comparison study). Vasa 1992;21(1):76-80. View abstract.
Choi SJ, Lee SN, Kim K, et al. Biological effects of rutin on skin aging. Int J Mol Med 2016;38(1):357-63. View abstract.
Chua LS. A review on plant-based rutin extraction methods and its pharmacological activities. J Ethnopharmacol 2013;150(3):805-17. View abstract.
Cruz T, Galvez J, Ocete MA, et al. Oral administration of rutoside can ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease in rats. Life Sci 1998;62:687-95. View abstract.
De Cecco L. [Effects of administration of 50 mg heparan sulfate tablets to patients with varicose dilatation of the hemorrhoid plexus (hemorrhoids)]. Minerva Ginecol 1992;44(11):599-604. View abstract.
de Jongste AB, Jonker JJ, Huisman MV, et al. A double blind three center clinical trial on the short-term efficacy of 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in patients with post-thrombotic syndrome. Thromb Haemost 1989;62(3):826-829. View abstract.
Drewa G, Schachtschabel DO, Palgan K, et al. The influence of rutin on the weight, metastasis and melanin content of B16 melanotic melanoma in C57BL/6 mice. Neoplasma 1998;45:266-71. View abstract.
Dubey S, Ganeshpurkar A, Bansal D, Dubey N. Protective effect of rutin on cognitive impairment caused by phenytoin. Indian J Pharmacol 2015;47(6):627-31. View abstract.
Erlund I, Kosonen T, Alfthan G, et al. Pharmacokinetics of quercetin from quercetin aglycone and rutin in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2000;56:545-53.. View abstract.
Escarpa A, Gonzalez MC. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection for the determination of phenolic compounds in peel and pulp from different apple varieties. J Chromatogr A 1998;823:331-7. View abstract.
Forconi S, Guerrini M, Pecchi S, et al. Effect of HR (O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides) on the impaired venous function of young females taking oral contraceptives. A strain gauge plethysmographic and clinical open controlled study. Vasa 1980;9(4):324-330. View abstract.
Galal AM, Raman V, Avula B, Wang YH, Rumalla CS, Weerasooriya AD, Khan IA. Comparative study of three Plumbago L. species (Plumbaginaceae) by microscopy, UPLC-UV and HPTLC. J Nat Med. 2013 Jul;67(3):554-61. View abstract.
Gallasch G, Dorfer C, Schmitt T, et al. [Efficacy of troxerutin on the flow properties of blood under defined conditions of circulation. A double-blind study of patients with diabetic retinopathy and arteriosclerotic retinopathy]. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 1985;187(1):30-35. View abstract.
Galvez J, Cruz T, Crespo E, et al. Rutoside as mucosal protective in acetic acid-induced rat colitis. Planta Med 1997;63:409-14. View abstract.
Glacet-Bernard A, Coscas G, Chabanel A, et al. A randomized, double-masked study on the treatment of retinal vein occlusion with troxerutin. Am J Ophthalmol 1994;118(4):421-429. View abstract.
Gouny AM, Horovitz D, Gouny P, et al. [Effectiveness and safety of hydroxyethyl-rutosides in the local treatment of symptoms of venous insufficiency during air travel]. J Mal Vasc 1999;24(3):214-220. View abstract.
Grabs V, Kersten A, Haller B, et al. Rutoside and hydrolytic enzymes do not attenuate marathon-induced inflammation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2017;49(3):387-395. View abstract.
Hashizume Y, Tandia M. The reduction impact of monoglucosyl rutin on abdominal visceral fat: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group. J Food Sci. 2020;85(10):3577-3589. View abstract.
Incandela L, Belcaro G, Renton S, et al. HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides) in venous hypertensive microangiopathy: a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2002;7 Suppl 1:S7-S10. View abstract.
Incandela L, Cesarone MR, DeSanctis MT, et al. Treatment of diabetic microangiopathy and edema with HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides): a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized study. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2002;7 Suppl 1:S11-S15. View abstract.
Kempf K, Manzo G, Hanifi-Moghaddam P, et al. Effect of combined oral proteases and flavonoid treatment in subjects at risk of Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2009;26(12):1309-10. View abstract.
Kerkhoffs GM, Struijs PA, de Wit C, Rahlfs VW, Zwipp H, van Dijk CN. A double blind, randomised, parallel group study on the efficacy and safety of treating acute lateral ankle sprain with oral hydrolytic enzymes. Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(4):431-5. View abstract.
Klein G, Kullich W. Short-term treatment of painful osteoarthritis of the knee with oral enzymes. Clin Drug Invest 2000;19:15-23.
Korpan MI, Fialka V. [Wobenzyme and diuretic therapy in lymphedema after breast operation]. Wien Med Wochenschr 1996;146(4):67-72. View abstract.
Kostyuk VA, Potapovich AI, Speransky SD, Maslova GT. Protective effect of natural flavonoids on rat peritoneal macrophages injury caused by asbestos fibers. Free Radical Biol Med 1996;21:487-93. View abstract.
Kostyuk VA, Potapovich AI. Antiradical and chelating effects in flavonoid protection against silica-induced cell injury. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998;355:43-8. View abstract.
Kreft M. Buckwheat phenolic metabolites in health and disease. Nutr Res Rev 2016;29(1):30-9. View abstract.
Lefebvre G, Lacombe C. [Venous insufficiency in the pregnant woman. Rheological correction by troxerutin]. Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1991;86(2 Pt 2):206-208. View abstract.
MacLennan WJ, Wilson J, Rattenhuber V, et al. Hydroxyethylrutosides in elderly patients with chronic venous insufficiency: its efficacy and tolerability. Gerontology 1994;40(1):45-52. View abstract.
Marhic C. [Clinical and rheological efficacy of troxerutin in obstetric gynecology]. Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1991;86(2 Pt 2):209-212. View abstract.
Mehta DK (Ex Ed). British National Formulary, Number 37. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain: London, England, March 1999.
Michelini S, Fiorentino A, Cardone M. Melilotus, rutin and bromelain in primary and secondary lymphedema. Lymphology 2019;52(4):177-86. View abstract.
Miller LG. Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions. Arch Int Med 1998;158:2200-11.. View abstract.
Moser M, Ranacher G, Wilmot TJ, et al. A double-blind clinical trial of hydroxyethylrutosides in Meniere's disease. J Laryngol Otol 1984;98(3):265-272. View abstract.
Neumann HA, van den Broek MJ. A comparative clinical trial of graduated compression stockings and O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (HR) in the treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Z Lymphol 1995;19(1):8-11. View abstract.
Nocker W, Diebschlag W, Lehmacher W. [A 3-month, randomized double-blind dose-response study with 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside oral solutions]. Vasa 1989;18(3):235-238. View abstract.
Oliveira VM, Carraro E, Auler ME, Khalil NM. Quercetin and rutin as potential agents antifungal against Cryptococcus spp. Braz J Biol 2016;76(4):1029-34. View abstract.
Pedersen FM, Hamberg O, Sorensen MD, et al. [Effect of 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside (Venoruton) on symptomatic venous insufficiency in the lower limbs]. Ugeskr Laeger 1992;154(38):2561-2563. View abstract.
Peres DA, de Oliveira CA, da Costa MS, et al. Rutin increases critical wavelength of systems containing a single UV filter and with good skin compatibility. Skin Res Technol. 2016;22(3):325-33. View abstract.
Perez Guerrero C, Martin MJ, Marhuenda E. Prevention by rutin of gastric lesions induced by ethanol in rats: role of endogenous prostaglandins. Gen Pharmacol 1994;25:575-80. View abstract.
Petruzzellis V, Troccoli T, Candiani C, et al. Oxerutins (Venoruton): efficacy in chronic venous insufficiency--a double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Angiology 2002;53(3):257-263. View abstract.
Piller NB, Morgan RG, Casley-Smith JR. A double-blind, cross-over trial of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (benzo-pyrones) in the treatment of lymphoedema of the arms and legs. Br J Plast Surg 1988;41(1):20-27. View abstract.
Pischnamazzadeh M. [Prevention of radiation-induced skin reactions in breast cancer]. Strahlentherapie 1983;159(1):9-12. View abstract.
Poynard T, Valterio C. Meta-analysis of hydroxyethylrutosides in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Vasa 1994;23(3):244-250. View abstract.
Prerovsky I, Roztocil K, Hlavova A, et al. The effect of hydroxyethylrutosides after acute and chronic oral administration in patients with venous diseases. A double-blind study. Angiologica 1972;9(3-6):408-414. View abstract.
Pronk LC, van Putten WL, van B, V, et al. The venotonic drug hydroxyethylrutosiden does not prevent or reduce docetaxel-induced fluid retention: results of a comparative study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1999;43(2):173-177. View abstract.
Pulvertaft TB. General practice treatment of symptoms of venous insufficiency with oxerutins. Results of a 660 patient multicentre study in the UK. Vasa 1983;12(4):373-376. View abstract.
Pulvertaft TB. Paroven in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Practitioner 1979;223(1338):838-841. View abstract.
Rehn D, Brunnauer H, Diebschlag W, et al. Investigation of the therapeutic equivalence of different galenical preparations of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides following multiple dose peroral administration. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46(5):488-492. View abstract.
Rehn D, Golden G, Nocker W, et al. Comparison between the efficacy and tolerability of oxerutins and troxerutin in the treatment of patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Arzneimittelforschung 1993;43(10):1060-1063. View abstract.
Rehn D, Hennings G, Nocker W, et al. Time course of the anti-oedematous effect of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991;40(6):625-627. View abstract.
Rehn D, Nocker W, Diebschlag W, et al. Time course of the anti-oedematous effect of different dose regimens of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl) rutosides in healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung 1993;43(3):335-338. View abstract.
Renton S, Leon M, Belcaro G, et al. The effect of hydroxyethylrutosides on capillary filtration in moderate venous hypertension: a double blind study. Int Angiol 1994;13(3):259-262. View abstract.
Roztocil K, Oliva I, Prerovsky I, et al. The effect of hydroxyethylrutoside and its combination with acetylsalicylic acid in patients with obliterative atherosclerosis. Cor Vasa 1989;31(2):128-133. View abstract.
Schmitt A, Salvayre R, Delchambre J, Negre-Salvayre A. Prevention by alpha-tocopherol and rutin of glutathione and ATP depletion induced by oxidized LDL in cultured endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 1995;116:1985-90. View abstract.
Serralde F, Aceves Q. A controlled trial of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Med J Gen Hosp Mexico City 1990;53(2):102-106.
Shetty V, Mohan A. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial comparing the efficacy of systemic enzyme therapy for edema control in orthognathic surgery using ultrasound scan to measure facial swelling. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(7):1261-7. View abstract.
Sohn C, Jahnichen C, Bastert G. [Effectiveness of beta-hydroxyethylrutoside in patients with varicose veins in pregnancy]. Zentralbl Gynakol 1995;117(4):190-197. View abstract.
Stegmann W, Hubner K, Deichmann B, et al. [Efficacy of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in the treatment of venous leg ulcers]. Phlebologie 1987;40(1):149-156. View abstract.
Sun C, Wang L, Sun J, Wang Z, Tang Z. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of rutin on hyperglycemic rats. J Tradit Chin Med. 2020;40(4):640-645. View abstract.
Taliou A, Zintzaras E, Lykouras L, Francis K. An open-label pilot study of a formulation containing the anti-inflammatory flavonoid luteolin and its effects on behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders. Clin Ther. 2013;35(5):592-602. View abstract.
Tasli NG, Uçak T, Karakurt Y, et al. The effects of rutin on cisplatin induced oxidative retinal and optic nerve injury: an experimental study. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2018;37(3):252-257. View abstract.
Tilwe GH, Beria S, Turakhia NH, Daftary GV, Schiess W. Efficacy and tolerability of oral enzyme therapy as compared to diclofenac in active osteoarthrosis of knee joint: an open randomized controlled clinical trial. J Assoc Physicians India. 2001;49:617-21. View abstract.
Titapant V, Indrasukhsri B, Lekprasert V, et al. Trihydroxyethylrutosides in the treatment of hemorrhoids of pregnancy: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2001;84(10):1395-1400. View abstract.
Tomazelli LC, de Assis Ramos MM, Sauce R, et al. SPF enhancement provided by rutin in a multifunctional sunscreen. Int J Pharm. 2018;552(1-2):401-406. View abstract.
Unkauf M, Rehn D, Klinger J, et al. Investigation of the efficacy of oxerutins compared to placebo in patients with chronic venous insufficiency treated with compression stockings. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46(5):478-482. View abstract.
Van Cauwenberge H. Double-blind study of the efficacy of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in the treatment of venous conditions. Médecine et Hygiène 1978;36:4175-4177.
Webster RP, Gawde MD, Bhattacharya RK. Protective effect of rutin, a flavonol glycoside, on the carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair enzymes in rats. Cancer Lett 1996;109:185-91. View abstract.
Welch W, Moriau M, Van Gysel JP. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides in patients with chronic venous insufficiency. Int report 1987;
Wijayanegara H, Mose JC, Achmad L, et al. A clinical trial of hydroxyethylrutosides in the treatment of haemorrhoids of pregnancy. J Int Med Res 1992;20(1):54-60. View abstract.
Wright DD, Franks PJ, Blair SD, et al. Oxerutins in the prevention of recurrence in chronic venous ulceration: randomized controlled trial. Br J Surg 1991;78(10):1269-1270. View abstract.