Overview
Some people use parsley for conditions such as bladder infections (UTIs), kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, constipation, skin conditions, and many others. But there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
How does it work ?
Uses & Effectiveness ?
We currently have no information for PARSLEY overview.
Side Effects
When applied to the skin: Applying parsley seed oil directly to the skin is LIKELY UNSAFE. It can cause the skin to become extra sensitive to the sun and cause a rash. There isn't enough reliable information to know if applying parsley root and leaf to the skin is safe or what the side effects might be.
Special Precautions and Warnings
When applied to the skin: Applying parsley seed oil directly to the skin is LIKELY UNSAFE. It can cause the skin to become extra sensitive to the sun and cause a rash. There isn't enough reliable information to know if applying parsley root and leaf to the skin is safe or what the side effects might be.
Pregnancy: It is LIKELY SAFE to consume parsley in food amounts. But parsley in larger medicinal amounts is LIKELY UNSAFE to take during pregnancy. Parsley has been used to cause an abortion and to start menstrual flow. In addition, some research suggests that taking large doses of parsley with other herbs during the first three months of pregnancy can increase the risk of birth defects. If you are pregnant, stick with using only the amount of parsley typically found in food.
Breast-feeding: It is LIKELY SAFE to consume parsley in food amounts. There isn't enough reliable information to know if parsley in larger medicinal amounts is safe to use when breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick with the amounts found in foods.
Bleeding disorders: Parsley might slow blood clotting. In theory, taking parsley might increase the risk of bleeding in people with bleeding disorders.
Diabetes: Parsley might lower blood sugar levels. Watch for signs of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and monitor your blood sugar carefully if you have diabetes and use parsley.
Fluid retention (edema): There is a concern that parsley might cause the body to hold onto sodium (salt), and this increases water retention.
High blood pressure: There is a concern that parsley might cause the body to hold onto sodium (salt), and this could make high blood pressure worse.
Kidney disease: Don't take parsley if you have kidney disease. Parsley contains chemicals that can make kidney disease worse.
Surgery: Parsley might lower blood glucose levels and could interfere with blood sugar control during and after surgical procedures. Stop using parsley at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.
Interactions ?
Warfarin (Coumadin) interacts with PARSLEY
Warfarin (Coumadin) is taken to thin the blood and slow blood clotting. Large amounts of parsley leaf might increase blood clotting. Taking parsley along with warfarin might decrease how well warfarin (Coumadin) works to thin the blood.
Water pills (Diuretic drugs) interacts with PARSLEY
Parsley seems to work like a "water pill" by causing the body to lose water. Taking parsley along with other "water pills" might cause the body to lose too much water. Losing too much water can cause you to be dizzy and your blood pressure to go too low.
Some "water pills" include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Microzide), spironolactone (Aldactone), triamterene (Dyrenium), and others.Medications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs) interacts with PARSLEY
Parsley might lower blood sugar. Diabetes medications are also used to lower blood sugar. Taking medicinal amounts of parsley along with diabetes medications might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. The dose of your diabetes medications might need to be changed. Some medications for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), and others.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal) interacts with PARSLEY
Parsley juice might increase the amount of time pentobarbital stays in the body. Taking parsley along with pentobarbital might increase the effects and side effects from pentobarbital.
Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates) interacts with PARSLEY
Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Parsley might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking parsley along with some medications that are broken down by the liver can increase the effects and side effects of some medications. Before taking parsley talk to your healthcare provider if you take any medications that are changed by the liver.
Some medications that are changed by the liver include amitriptyline (Elavil), haloperidol (Haldol), ondansetron (Zofran), propranolol (Inderal), theophylline (Theo-Dur, others), verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, others), and others.Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs) interacts with PARSLEY
Parsley might slow blood clotting. Taking parsley along with medications that also slow clotting might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.
Some anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), ticagrelor (Brilinta) diclofenac (Voltaren, Cataflam), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.Sirolimus (Rapamune) interacts with PARSLEY
Large amounts of parsley juice might increase levels of sirolimus in the body. This could increase the effects and side effects of sirolimus.
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
Aspirin interacts with PARSLEY
Some people are allergic to parsley. Aspirin might increase your sensitivity to parsley if you are allergic to parsley. This has only been reported in one person. But to be on the safe side, if you are allergic to parsley do not take aspirin and eat parsley.
Minor Interaction
Be watchful with this combination
Dosing
Ciganda C, and Laborde A. Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol. 2003;41:235-239. View abstract.
Eberhard P, Gall HM, Muller I, Moller R. Dramatic augmentation of a food allergy by acetylsalicylic acid. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105:844.
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
Es-Safi I, Mechchate H, Amaghnouje A, et al. The Potential of Parsley Polyphenols and Their Antioxidant Capacity to Help in the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety: An In Vivo Subacute Study. Molecules 2021;26(7):2009. View abstract.
Farzaei MH, Abbasabadi Z, Ardekani MR, Rahimi R, Farzaei F. Parsley: a review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activities. J Tradit Chin Med. 2013;33(6):815-26. View abstract.
Foster S, Tyler VE. Tyler's Honest Herbal, 4th ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1999.
Foti C, Cassano N, Mistrello G, Amato S, Romita P, Vena GA. Contact urticaria to raw arugula and parsley. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 May;106(5):447-8.View abstract.
Jakovljevic, V., Raskovic, A., Popovic, M., and Sabo, J. The effect of celery and parsley juices on pharmacodynamic activity of drugs involving cytochrome P450 in their metabolism. Eur.J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2002;27(3):153-156. View abstract.
Khosravan S, Alami A, Mohammadzadeh-Moghadam H, Ramezani V. The effect of topical use of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) versus that of hydroquinone cream on reduction of epidermal melasma: A randomized clinical trial. Holist Nurs Pract. 2017;31(1):16-20. View abstract.
Kreydiyyeh SI, Usta J, Kaouk I, et al. The mechanism underlying the laxative properties of parsley extract. Phytomedicine 2001;8:382-8.. View abstract.
Kurtaran M, Koc NS, Aksun MS, Yildirim T, Yilmaz SR, Erdem Y. Petroselinum crispum, a commonly consumed food, affects sirolimus level in a renal transplant recipient: a case report. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2021;12:20420986211009358. View abstract.
Nielsen SE, Young JF, Daneshvar B, et al. Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) intake on urinary apigenin excretion, blood antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers for oxidative stress in human subjects. Br J Nutr 1999;81:447-55. View abstract.
Ojala T, Vuorela P, Kiviranta J, et al. A bioassay using Artemia salina for detecting phototoxicity of plant coumarins. Planta Med 1999;65:715-8. View abstract.
Robbers JE, Tyler VE. Tyler's Herbs of Choice: The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals. New York, NY: The Haworth Herbal Press, 1999.
Tunali T, Yarat A, Yanardag R, et al. Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the skin of STZ induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res 1999;13:138-41.. View abstract.
Wang CZ, Aung HH, Mehendale SR, Shoyama Y, Yuan CS. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis and anticancer potential of Oplopanax horridus: comparison of stem and berry extracts. Fitoterapia. 2010;81(2):132-9. View abstract.
Al Howiriny, T., Al Sohaibani, M., El Tahir, K., and Rafatullah, S. Prevention of experimentally-induced gastric ulcers in rats by an ethanolic extract of "Parsley" Petroselinum crispum. Am.J Chin Med 2003;31(5):699-711. View abstract.
Beier, R. C. Natural pesticides and bioactive components in foods. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 1990;113:47-137. View abstract.
Bolkent, S., Yanardag, R., Ozsoy-Sacan, O., and Karabulut-Bulan, O. Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the liver of diabetic rats: a morphological and biochemical study. Phytother.Res 2004;18(12):996-999. View abstract.
Chaudhary, S. K., Ceska, O., Tetu, C., Warrington, P. J., Ashwood-Smith, M. J., and Poulton, G. A. Oxypeucedanin, a Major Furocoumarin in Parsley, Petroselinum crispum. Planta Med 1986;52(6):462-464. View abstract.
Chrubasik, S., Droste, C., and Black, A. Asparagus P(R) cannot compete with first-line diuretics in lowering the blood pressure in treatment-requiring antihypertensives. Phytother.Res 2009;23(9):1345-1346. View abstract.
Chrubasik, S., Droste, C., Dragano, N., Glimm, E., and Black, A. Effectiveness and tolerability of the herbal mixture Asparagus P on blood pressure in treatment-requiring antihypertensives. Phytomedicine 2006;13(9-10):740-742. View abstract.
Egan, C. L. and Sterling, G. Phytophotodermatitis: a visit to Margaritaville. Cutis 1993;51(1):41-42. View abstract.
Gadi, D., Bnouham, M., Aziz, M., Ziyyat, A., Legssyer, A., Legrand, C., Lafeve, F. F., and Mekhfi, H. Parsley extract inhibits in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 8-17-2009;125(1):170-174. View abstract.
Gorgus, E., Lohr, C., Raquet, N., Guth, S., and Schrenk, D. Limettin and furocoumarins in beverages containing citrus juices or extracts. Food Chem.Toxicol. 2010;48(1):93-98. View abstract.
Kreydiyyeh, S. I. and Usta, J. Diuretic effect and mechanism of action of parsley. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;79(3):353-357. View abstract.
Mele, V. [On poisoning with parsley used as an abortifacient]. Folia Med (Napoli) 1968;51(8):601-613. View abstract.
Meyer, H., Bolarinwa, A., Wolfram, G., and Linseisen, J. Bioavailability of apigenin from apiin-rich parsley in humans. Ann Nutr.Metab 2006;50(3):167-172. View abstract.
Ozsoy-Sacan, O., Yanardag, R., Orak, H., Ozgey, Y., Yarat, A., and Tunali, T. Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) extract versus glibornuride on the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):175-181. View abstract.
Peterson, S., Lampe, J. W., Bammler, T. K., Gross-Steinmeyer, K., and Eaton, D. L. Apiaceous vegetable constituents inhibit human cytochrome P-450 1A2 (hCYP1A2) activity and hCYP1A2-mediated mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1. Food Chem.Toxicol. 2006;44(9):1474-1484. View abstract.
Yanardag, R., Bolkent, S., Tabakoglu-Oguz, A., and Ozsoy-Sacan, O. Effects of Petroselinum crispum extract on pancreatic B cells and blood glucose of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003;26(8):1206-1210. View abstract.
Zaynoun, S., Abi, Ali L., Tenekjian, K., and Kurban, A. The bergapten content of garden parsley and its significance in causing cutaneous photosensitization. Clin.Exp.Dermatol. 1985;10(4):328-331. View abstract.
Alyami FA and Rabah DM. Effect of drinking parsley leaf tea on urinary composition and urinary stones' risk factors. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2011;22(3):511-4. View abstract.
Arslan S, Ucar R, Caliskaner AZ. A Cases of Near-fatal Anaphylaxis: Parsley "Over-use" as an Herbal Remedy. Med Arch. 2014;68(6):426-7. View abstract.
Bolton-Smith C, Price RJ, Fenton ST, et al. Compilation of a provisional UK database for the phylloquinone (vitamin K1) content of foods. Br J Nutr 2000;83:389-99. View abstract.
Chuang CH, Doyle P, Wang JD, et al. Herbal medicines used during the first trimester and major congenital malformations: an analysis of data from a pregnancy cohort study. Drug Saf 2006;29:537-48. View abstract.
Select a condition to view a list of vitamins
You Might Also Like
CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.
This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version.
© Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020.