THUNDER GOD VINE: Overview, Uses, Side Effects, Precautions, Interactions, Dosing and Reviews

Overview

Thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii) is a vine that grows in southeast China. Its extracts are used in traditional and pharmaceutical Chinese medicine.

Thunder god vine contains chemicals that might relieve swelling and change the way the immune system works. This might help with arthritis and other conditions. Also, thunder god vine contains chemicals that might alter sperm and decrease male fertility.

People use thunder god vine for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn disease, kidney problems, mouth sores, and eye problems in people with an overactive thyroid. It is also used for eczema, birth control, menstrual cramps, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support many of these uses.

Uses & Effectiveness ?

Possibly Effective for

A type of inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease). Taking thunder god vine by mouth seems to help prevent symptoms of Crohn disease from recurring. It might also slow down how quickly symptoms come back for people who are in remission. It seems to be as effective as drugs normally used by people with Crohn disease.
An eye disease caused by an overactive thyroid (Graves' ophthalmopathy). Taking thunder god vine by mouth along with conventional treatments might improve eye problems in people with overactive thyroid.
A condition that slowly leads to kidney disease (IgA nephropathy). Taking thunder god vine by mouth seems to help people with IgA nephropathy go into remission.
An inflammatory condition that causes rash or sores on the skin or mouth (lichen planus). Taking thunder god vine by mouth might reduce pain and heal mouth sores in people with this condition.
A group of symptoms that indicate kidney damage (nephrotic syndrome). Taking thunder god vine by mouth seems to help people with this condition go into remission. It might be more effective than steroids and might make steroids work better when used together.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Taking thunder god vine by mouth with or without conventional drugs seems to help relieve joint pain and swelling and improve physical function in people with RA. It's not clear if applying thunder god vine to the skin helps.

Possibly Ineffective for

A type of arthritis that mainly affects the spine (ankylosing spondylitis). Taking thunder god vine by mouth does not seem to relieve joint pain or swelling in people with ankylosing spondylitis.

There is interest in using thunder god vine for a number of other purposes, but there isn't enough reliable information to say whether it might be helpful.

Side Effects

When taken by mouth: Thunder god vine is possibly safe for most people. It's usually well tolerated. Side effects might include stomach upset, missed menstrual periods, skin reactions, nausea, diarrhea, and headache.

When applied to the skin: Thunder god vine is possibly safe.

Special Precautions and Warnings

Pregnancy: Thunder god vine is likely unsafe when taken by mouth during pregnancy. It might cause birth defects.

Breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if thunder god vine is safe to use when breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.

Weakened immune system: Large doses of thunder god vine might weaken the immune system. If you already have a weakened immune system due to a medical condition, or from taking certain medications, avoid using thunder god vine. It might decrease your body's ability to fight off infection.

Weakened bones (osteoporosis): Thunder god vine can reduce bone strength. If you have osteoporosis or are at risk for osteoporosis, don't use thunder god vine.

Interactions ?

Moderate Interaction

Be cautious with this combination

Medications that decrease the immune system (Immunosuppressants) interacts with THUNDER GOD VINE
Large doses of thunder god vine can decrease the activity of the immune system. Some medications, such as those used after a transplant, also decrease the activity of the immune system. Taking thunder god vine along with these medications might cause the activity of the immune system to drop too low.
Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) substrates) interacts with THUNDER GOD VINE
Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Thunder god vine might change how quickly the liver breaks down these medications. This could change the effects and side effects of these medications.
Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates) interacts with THUNDER GOD VINE
Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Thunder god vine might change how quickly the liver breaks down these medications. This could change the effects and side effects of these medications.
Medications that decrease break down of other medications by the liver (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors) interacts with THUNDER GOD VINE
Thunder god vine is changed and broken down by the liver. Some drugs decrease how quickly the liver changes and breaks down thunder god vine. This could change the effects and side effects of thunder god vine.

Dosing

Thunder god vine extract has most often been used by adults in doses of 30-120 mg by mouth daily for up to 6 months. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what dose might be best for a specific condition.

View References

REFERENCES:

Chen, K., Shi, Q., Fujioka, T., Nakano, T., Hu, C. Q., Jin, J. Q., Kilkuskie, R. E., and Lee, K. H. Anti-AIDS agents--XIX. Neotripterifordin, a novel anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii: isolation and structural elucidation. Bioorg.Med Chem. 1995;3(10):1345-1348. View abstract.

Du, X., Zhang, H., and Fu, X. [Clinical study on tripterygium wilfordii complex ester tablet in treating rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1998;18(2):88-91. View abstract.

Gao, Y. and Chen, D. [Clinical study on effect of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. on uterin leiomyoma]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke.Za Zhi. 2000;35(7):430-432. View abstract.

Guo, W., Ma, L., and Tao, X. [In vitro inhibitive effects of Tripterygium wilforii on NO production, iNOS activity, and iNOS-mRNA expression in chondrocyrtes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhonghua Yi.Xue.Za Zhi. 9-10-2001;81(17):1035-1037. View abstract.

Guo, Y., Yu, M., Jiang, Y., Song, Q., and Dong, Y. [Effect of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook T4 monomer on proliferation and interleukin-6 production of synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 2000;22(2):190-192. View abstract.

Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Ujita, K., and Takaishi, Y. Characterization of antiviral activity of a sesquiterpene, triptofordin C-2. J Antimicrob.Chemother. 1996;37(4):759-768. View abstract.

Hu, J., Li, C. W., Zhang, X., Pi, S. H., Zhao, J. S., Chen, X. Y., and Liu, Y. [Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy of severe systemic lupus erythematosus in children]. Zhonghua Er.Ke.Za Zhi. 2003;41(6):430-434. View abstract.

Huang, H. H., Yen, D. H., Wu, M. L., Deng, J. F., Huang, C. I., and Lee, C. H. Acute Erycibe henryi Prain ("Ting Kung Teng") poisoning. Clin.Toxicol.(Phila) 2006;44(1):71-75. View abstract.

Ji, S. M., Wang, Q. W., Chen, J. S., Sha, G. Z., Liu, Z. H., and Li, L. S. Clinical trial of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F. in human kidney transplantation in China. Transplant.Proc. 2006;38(5):1274-1279. View abstract.

Jia, T. H., Sun, H. C., Wang, X. X., Xiu, H. M., Ding, W. D., Hao, X. D., Wu, L., Wang, G. X., and Lei, J. Z. Ultrastructural observation on macrophage-lymphocyte interactions in semen from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. takers. Chin Med J (Engl.) 1994;107(12):892-896. View abstract.

Kao, N. L., Richmond, G. W., and Moy, J. N. Resolution of severe lupus nephritis associated with Tripterygium wilfordii hook F ingestion. Arthritis Rheum. 1993;36(12):1751-1752. View abstract.

Leishi, L. [Clinical study of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook in treating glomerulonephritis (author's transl)]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. 1981;20(4):216-220. View abstract.

Li, L. F. Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum with oral Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside. J Dermatol. 2000;27(7):478-481. View abstract.

Li, L. S. [Clinical and experimental studies on the effect of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook in the treatment of nephritis]. Zhonghua Yi.Xue.Za Zhi. 1982;62(10):581-585. View abstract.

Li, R. L., Liu, P. L., and Wu, X. C. [Clinical and experimental study on sustained release tablet of Tripterygium wilfordii in treating rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1996;16(1):10-13. View abstract.

Li, X. Y. Immunomodulating Chinese herbal medicines. Mem.Inst.Oswaldo Cruz 1991;86 Suppl 2:159-164. View abstract.

Liacini, A., Sylvester, J., and Zafarullah, M. Triptolide suppresses proinflammatory cytokine-induced matrix metalloproteinase and aggrecanase-1 gene expression in chondrocytes. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 2-4-2005;327(1):320-327. View abstract.

Lin, K. X., Wang, C. Z., and Qian, G. S. [Effect of Tripterygium wilfordii on Th1, Th2 cytokines production in asthma patients]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 2001;21(1):22-24. View abstract.

Lu, Y., Fukuda, K., Nakamura, Y., Kimura, K., Kumagai, N., and Nishida, T. Inhibitory effect of triptolide on chemokine expression induced by proinflammatory cytokines in human corneal fibroblasts. Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci 2005;46(7):2346-2352. View abstract.

Pan, Y. R., Zhu, C. Y., Li, P., Wei, M., and Xu, D. H. Effect of Tripterygium wilfordii on nephritis of anaphylactoid purpura. Proc.Chin Acad.Med Sci Peking.Union Med Coll. 1987;2(1):45-47. View abstract.

Pan, Y. R., Zhu, C. Y., Wei, M., and Xu, B. M. [Tripterygium wilfordii in the treatment of the nephritis of anaphylactoid purpura]. Zhongguo Yi.Xue.Ke.Xue.Yuan Xue.Bao. 1987;9(6):463-465. View abstract.

Pyatt, D. W., Yang, Y., Mehos, B., Le, A., Stillman, W., and Irons, R. D. Hematotoxicity of the chinese herbal medicine Tripterygium wilfordii hook f in CD34-positive human bone marrow cells. Mol.Pharmacol. 2000;57(3):512-518. View abstract.

Qin, W. Z., Zhu, G. D., Yang, S. M., Han, K. Y., and Wang, J. Clinical observations on Tripterygium wilfordii in treatment of 26 cases of discoid lupus erythematosus. J Tradit.Chin Med 1983;3(2):131-132. View abstract.

Setty, A. R. and Sigal, L. H. Herbal medications commonly used in the practice of rheumatology: mechanisms of action, efficacy, and side effects. Semin.Arthritis Rheum 2005;34(6):773-784. View abstract.

Shamon, L. A., Pezzuto, J. M., Graves, J. M., Mehta, R. R., Wangcharoentrakul, S., Sangsuwan, R., Chaichana, S., Tuchinda, P., Cleason, P., and Reutrakul, V. Evaluation of the mutagenic, cytotoxic, and antitumor potential of triptolide, a highly oxygenated diterpene isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii. Cancer Lett. 1-15-1997;112(1):113-117. View abstract.

Sharma, M., Li, J. Z., Sharma, R., Artero, M., Ge, X., McCarthy, E. T., Wang, H. Y., and Savin, V. Inhibitory effect of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside on increased glomerular albumin permeability in vitro. Nephrol.Dial.Transplant. 1997;12(10):2064-2068. View abstract.

Su, D., Song, Y., and Li, R. [Comparative clinical study of rheumatoid arthritis treated by triptolide and an ethyl acetate extract of Tripterygium wilfordii]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1990;10(3):144-6, 131. View abstract.

Sylvester, J., Liacini, A., Li, W. Q., Dehnade, F., and Zafarullah, M. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F extract suppresses proinflammatory cytokine-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase genes in articular chondrocytes by inhibiting activating protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB activities. Mol.Pharmacol. 2001;59(5):1196-1205. View abstract.

Takaishi, Y., Ujita, K., Nakano, K., and Tomimatsu, T. Structural elucidation of triptofordins F-1, F-2, F-3, and F-4, new sesquiterpenes polyesters from Tripterygium wilfordii HOOK fil. var. regelii MAKINO. Chem.Pharm.Bull.(Tokyo) 1988;36(11):4275-4283. View abstract.

Tao, X. L., Dong, Y., and Zhang, N. Z. [A double-blind study of T2 (tablets of polyglycosides of Tripterygium wilfodii hook) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. 1987;26(7):399-5. View abstract.

Tao, X., Sun, Y., and Zhang, N. [Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with low doses of multi-glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1990;10(5):289-2. View abstract.

Wang, B. X. and Yuan, Z. Z. [A tablet of Tripterygium wilfordii in treating lupus erythematosus]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1989;9(7):407-8, 389. View abstract.

Wang, J., Wang, Y. T., Shao, J. Q., Wang, X., and Du, H. [Immunosuppressive therapies in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. 2004;43(2):125-127. View abstract.

Weng, M. W., Qiu, B. S., and Kang, K. F. An analysis of 24 patients with IgA deposition at the BMZ. J Dermatol. 1993;20(5):276-278. View abstract.

Wu, Y. J., Lao, Z. Y., and Zhang, Z. L. [Clinical observation on small doses Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside combined with methotrexate in treating rheumatoid arthritis]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 2001;21(12):895-896. View abstract.

Yang, S., Chen, J., Guo, Z., Xu, X. M., Wang, L., Pei, X. F., Yang, J., Underhill, C. B., and Zhang, L. Triptolide inhibits the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Mol.Cancer Ther 2003;2(1):65-72. View abstract.

Yao, J., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Hu, L., and Jiang, Z. Simultaneous determination of triptolide, wilforlide A and triptonide in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Biol.Pharm.Bull. 2006;29(7):1483-1486. View abstract.

Yao, Q. P. and Zhang, N. Z. [Effects of tripchlorolide (T4) of Tripterygium wilfordii hook on the production of prostaglandin E2 by synovial cells of rheumatoid arthritis]. Yao Xue.Xue.Bao. 1994;29(10):790-792. View abstract.

Yu, H. L. [Treatment of purpuric nephritis in children with Tripterygium wilfordii and radix Salviae miltiorrhizae]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1992;12(6):343-4, 324. View abstract.

Yu, K. T., Nuss, G., Boyce, R., Jariwala, N., Owens, G., Pennetti, A., Chan, W., Zhang, D. C., Chang, M. N., and Zilberstein, A. Inhibition of IL-1 release from human monocytes and suppression of streptococcal cell wall and adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. Gen.Pharmacol. 1994;25(6):1115-1122. View abstract.

Zhang, D. H., Marconi, A., Xu, L. M., Yang, C. X., Sun, G. W., Feng, X. L., Ling, C. Q., Qin, W. Z., Uzan, G., and d'Alessio, P. Tripterine inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules in activated endothelial cells. J Leukoc.Biol. 2006;80(2):309-319. View abstract.

Zheng, D. H. [Clinical analysis of 84 cases of glomerulonephritis treated with Tripterygium wilfordii]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1984;4(10):604-6, 579. View abstract.

Zhou, J. H., Huang, A. X., and Liu, T. L. [Clinical study on treatment of childhood Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis with colquhounia root tablet]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 2004;24(5):418-421. View abstract.

Zhou, X., Zhou, Z., Jin, M., Wang, H., Wu, M., Song, Y., and Cheng, H. Clinical study of qingluo tongbi granules in treating 63 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the type of yin-deficiency and heat in collaterals. J Tradit.Chin Med 2004;24(2):83-87. View abstract.

Zhou, Z., He, S., and Liang, Y. [Effects of tripterygium wilfordii polyglyco - sidium on intraocular inflammatory reaction after intraocular lens implantation]. Zhonghua Yan.Ke.Za Zhi. 1998;34(5):332-335. View abstract.

Chang DM, Kuo SY, Lai JH, Chang ML. Effects of anti-rheumatic herbal medicines on cellular adhesion molecules. Ann Rheum Dis 1999;58:366-71. View abstract.

Chen K, Shi Q, Kashiwada Y, et al. Anti-AIDS agents, 6. Salaspermic acid, an anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii, and the structure-activity correlation with its related compounds. J Nat Prod 1992;55:340-6. View abstract.

Chen K, Shi QA, Fujioka T, et al. Anti-AIDS agents, 4. Tripterifordin, a novel anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii: isolation and structural elucidation. J Nat Prod 1992;55:88-92. View abstract.

Chen Y, Gong Z, Chen X, et al. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (a traditional Chinese medicine) for primary nephrotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(8):CD008568. View abstract.

Chen Y, Lu M, Feng Y, Gao Q. The effect and safety of low-dose Tripterygium wilfordii in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022;101(52):e32504. View abstract.

Chen YZ, Gao Q, Zhao XZ, et al. Meta-analysis of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in the immunosuppressive treatment of IgA nephropathy. Intern Med. 2010;49(19):2049-55. View abstract.

Chou CT, Chang SC. The inhibitory effect of common traditional anti-rheumatic herb formulas on prostaglandin E and interleukin 2 in vitro: a comparative study with Tripterygium wilfordii. J Ethnopharmacol 1998;62:167-71. View abstract.

Chou WC, Wu CC, Yang PC, Lee YT. Hypovolemic shock and mortality after ingestion of Tripterygium wilfordii hook F: a case report. Int J Cardiol 1995;49:173-7. View abstract.

Cibere J, Deng Z, Lin Y, et al. A Randomized Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial of Topical Tripterygium wilfordii in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Reanalysis Using Logistic Regression Analysis. J Rheumatol 2003;30:465-7.. View abstract.

ClinicalTrials.gov. Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Tripterygium Wilfordi Hook F or Sulfasalazine. Available at: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00062465?order=1.

Duan H, Takaishi Y, Momota H, et al. Triterpenoids from Tripterygium wilfordii. Phytochemistry 2000;53:805-10. View abstract.

Feng X, Fang SN, Liang N, Liu JP, Chen W. Nephrotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f Preparations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Altern Complement Med. 2019;25(1):16-31. View abstract.

Fu Q, Zhu Y, Fang Y, Dai C. Efficacy and Safety of Tripterygium Wilfordii Glycoside Tablets Combined with Acitretin Capsules in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022;2022:2252500. View abstract.

Ge Y, Xie H, Li S, et al. Treatment of diabetic nephropathy with Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F extract: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Transl Med. 2013;11:134. View abstract.

Guo YL, Gao F, Dong TW, et al. Meta-Analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides tablets in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021;2021:6640594. View abstract.

Hemila H. Does vitamin C alleviate the symptoms of the common cold?- a review of current evidence. Scand J Infect Dis 1994;26:1-6. View abstract.

Hemila H. Vitamin C, the placebo effect, and the common cold: a case study of how preconceptions influence the analysis of results. J Clin Epidemiol 1996;49:1079-84. View abstract.

Huang L, Feng S, Wang H. Decreased bone mineral density in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus after long-term administration of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook. F. Chin Med J 2000;113:159-61.. View abstract.

Ji W, Li J, Lin Y, et al. Report of 12 cases of ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with Tripterygium wilfordii. Clin Rheumatol. 2010;29(9):1067-72. View abstract.

Jiang L, Zhao N, Ni L. Retrospective study of adverse events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with second-line drugs. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2002;23:213-7.. View abstract.

Jiang X. Clinical observations on the use of the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 1994;8:343-4.. View abstract.

Kao NL, Richmond GW, Moy JN. Resolution of severe lupus nephritis associated with Tripterygium wilfordii hook F ingestion. Arthritis Rheum 1993;36:1751-2.

Li H, Guo F, Luo YC, Zhu JP, Wang JL. Efficacy of tripterygium glycosides tablet in treating ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rheumatol. 2015;34(11):1831-8. View abstract.

Li Q, Huang Y, Liu P, Yuan H, Zhao J. Effect of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets on serum inflammatory factors and T cells in patients with chronic nephritis. Am J Transl Res 2021;13(7):8385-8390. View abstract.

Li RW, David Lin G, Myers SP, Leach DN. Anti-inflammatory activity of Chinese medicinal vine plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;85:61-7. View abstract.

Li Y, Zhu W, He H, et al. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021;12:691031. View abstract.

Liang D, Mai H, Ruan F, Fu H. The Efficacy of Triptolide in Preventing Diabetic Kidney Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021;12:728758. View abstract.

Lipsky PE, Tao XL. A potential new treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: thunder god vine. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1997;26:713-23.. View abstract.

Liu L, Luo Y, Zhou M, et al. Tripterygium agents for the treatment of atopic eczema: A Bayesian analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytomedicine. 2019;59:152914. View abstract.

Liu L, Zhao H, Sun X, et al. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii hook F for chronic urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018;18(1):243. View abstract.

Liu S, Li X, Li H, Liang Q, Chen J, Chen J. Comparison of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycosides and tacrolimus in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a prospective cohort study. BMC Nephrol. 2015;16:200. View abstract.

Liu X, Gao C, Liu X, Gao T. Efficacy and safety of tripterygium glycosides for Graves ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019;98(50):e18242. View abstract.

Lue Y, Sinha Hikim AP, Wang C, et al. Triptolide: a potential male contraceptive. J Androl 1998;19:479-86.. View abstract.

Luk JM, Lai W, Tam P, Koo MW. Suppression of cytokine production and cell adhesion molecule expression in human monocytic cell line THP-1 by Tripterygium wilfordii polysaccharide moiety. Life Sci 2000;67:155-63. View abstract.

Luo Y, Hou X, Xi A, Luo M, Wang K, Xu Z. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F combination therapy with methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis: An updated meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2023;307:116211. View abstract.

Luo Y, Kuai L, Chen J, et al. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. for oral lichen planus: evidence from 18 randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2020. Online ahead of print. View abstract.

Lv QW, Zhang W, Shi Q, et al. Comparison of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F with methotrexate in the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (TRIFRA): a randomised, controlled clinical trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(6):1078-86. View abstract.

Qian SZ, Hu YZ, Wang SM, et al. Effects of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch on male fertility. Adv Contracept 1988;4:307-10.. View abstract.

Qiu D, Kao PN. Immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of triptolide, the principal active diterpenoid from the Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Drugs R D 2003;4:1-18.. View abstract.

Ren D, Zuo C, Xu G. Clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease stage IV: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(11):e14604. View abstract.

Ren J, Wu X, Liao N, et al. Prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease: Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside versus mesalazine. J Int Med Res. 2013;41(1):176-87. View abstract.

Ru Y, Luo Y, Zhou Y, et al. Adverse events associated with treatment of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F: a quantitative evidence synthesis. Front Pharmacol 2019;10:1250. View abstract.

Shang SL, Cai GY, Duan SW, Li P, Li QG, Chen XM. Retrospective analysis of tacrolimus combined with Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside for treating idiopathic membranous nephropathy. BMC Nephrol. 2018 Jul 18;19(1):182. View abstract.

Shi YL, Bai JP, Wang WP. Ion-channels in human sperm membrane and contraceptive mechanisms of male antifertility compounds derived from Chinese traditional medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2003;24:22-30.. View abstract.

Song W, Liu M, Wu J, Zhai H, Chen Y, Peng Z. Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of Triptolide: A Potential Antitumor Drug. Curr Drug Metab. 2019;20(2):147-154. View abstract.

Sun J, Shen X, Dong J, et al. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F as maintenance treatment for Crohn's disease. Am J Med Sci. 2015;350(5):345-51. View abstract.

Takei A, Nagashima G, Suzuki R, et al. Meningoencephalocele associated with Tripterygium wilfordii treatment. Pediatr Neurosurg 1997;27:45-8. View abstract.

Tao X, Cush JJ, Garret M, Lipsky PE. A phase I study of ethyl acetate extract of the chinese antirheumatic herb Tripterygium wilfordii hook F in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2001;28:2160-7.. View abstract.

Tao X, Davis LS, Lipsky PE. Effect of an extract of the Chinese herbal remedy Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F on human immune responsiveness. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:1274-81. View abstract.

Tao X, Younger J, Fan FZ, et al. Benefit of an extract of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:1735-43.. View abstract.

Tao XL, Sun Y, Dong Y, et al. A prospective, controlled, double-blind, cross-over study of tripterygium wilfodii hook F in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Chin Med J 1989;102:327-32. View abstract.

Wang D, Zhao XH, Cui Y, Zhang TT, Wang F, Hu YH. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F for CKD in Mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res. 2018;32(3):436-451. View abstract.

Wang H, Liu H, Xue X, Wang Q, Yuan J. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a systematic review with bayesian meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023;14:1183499. View abstract.

Wang HL, Jiang Q, Feng XH, et al. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F versus conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs as monotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:215. View abstract.

Wang HL, Zhao Q, Li W, et al. A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis about the Efficacy and Safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022;2022:3181427. View abstract.

Wang L, Gong L, Zhang X, et al. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. in the treatment of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: a clinical trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2021;40(6):2427-2438. View abstract.

Wang RX, Liao BQ, Chen W, Zhang YM, Tang XH, Xie FH. A meta-analysis of effects and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside in the treatment of IgA nephropathy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022;26(23):8756-8770. View abstract.

Wang X, Zu Y, Huang L, et al. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with combination of methotrexate and Tripterygium wilfordii: A meta-analysis. Life Sci. 2017;171:45-50. View abstract.

Wang XB, Dai EL, Xue GZ, Ma RL. A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and network meta-analysis on the efficacy between different regimens based on Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97(27):e11282. View abstract.

Wang Z, Yu C, Zhou LN, Chen X. Effects of Tripterygium wilfordii induction therapy to IgA nephropathy patients with heavy proteinuria. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017;40(11):1833-1838. View abstract.

Wu C, Jin HZ, Shu D, et al. Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii hook F versus acitretin in moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris: a randomized clinical trial. Chin Med J (Engl). 2015;128(4):443-9. View abstract.

Xu Y, Zhang YF, Chen XY, Zhong DF. CYP3A4 inducer and inhibitor strongly affect the pharmacokinetics of triptolide and its derivative in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018;39(8):1386-1392. View abstract.

Zhang Q, Chen X, Chen S, Liu Z, Wan R, Li J. Fatal honey poisoning caused by Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F in southwest China: A case series. Wilderness Environ Med. 2016;27(2):271-3. View abstract.

Zhang W, Liu X, Xia C, et al. Case report: A rare case of death due to end-stage renal disease caused by Tripterygium wilfordii-induced myelosuppression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022;9:1036422. View abstract.

Zhang X, Yang H, Zuo X, et al. Efficacy and safety of tripterygium wilfordii Hook F plus TNF inhibitor for active rheumatoid arthritis: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, triple-dummy controlled trial. Clin Immunol 2023;255:109749. View abstract.

Zhen QS, Ye X, Wei ZJ. Recent progress in research on Tripterygium: a male antifertility plant. Contraception 1995;51:121-9.. View abstract.

Zheng W, Mei Y, Chen C, Cai L, Chen H. The effectiveness and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides combined with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2021;35(6):2902-2924. View abstract.

Zhu W, Li Y, Gong J, et al. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. versus azathioprine for prevention of postoperative recurrence in patients with Crohn's disease: a randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis. 2015;47(1):14-9. View abstract.

Ao, J. H., Li, Y. T., and Xiao, X. R. [Clinical study on the use of multiglycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii after cadaveric kidney transplantation]. Zhonghua Wai Ke.Za Zhi. 1994;32(3):175-177. View abstract.

Canter, P. H., Lee, H. S., and Ernst, E. A systematic review of randomised clinical trials of Tripterygium wilfordii for rheumatoid arthritis. Phytomedicine 2006;13(5):371-377. View abstract.

CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version.
© Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020.

Conditions

Drugs & Supplements

Well-Being

More

THUNDER GOD VINE - Uses, Side Effects, and More