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Asthma Triggers

An asthma trigger is a factor that can lead to sudden difficulty breathing or other symptoms of asthma (asthma attack).

Some triggers are substances a person may be allergic to (allergens). Allergens cause the body's natural defenses (immune system) to produce chemicals called immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. These chemicals bind to allergens, causing inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to the lungs. The allergen may also cause asthma attacks. These triggers include:

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Pollen.
Dust mites.
Animal dander.
Cockroach droppings.
Mold.

Other triggers can cause asthma symptoms without affecting the body's immune system. These include:

Cigarette smoke and air pollution.
Viral infections, such as colds and influenza, and sinus and other upper respiratory infections.
Exercise. Many people with asthma have symptoms when they exercise.
Dry, cold air.
Medicines, such as aspirin or beta-blockers.
In adults, hormones, including those involved in pregnancy and menstrual periods (just before or during periods).
Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD). Some experts debate whether GERD makes asthma worse. Studies have shown conflicting results as to whether GERD triggers asthma.¹

Citations

Gibson PG, et al. (2003). Gastro-esophageal reflux treatment for asthma in adults and children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1). Oxford: Update Software.

By	Healthwise Staff
Primary Medical Reviewer	E. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine
Specialist Medical Reviewer	Lora J. Stewart
Last Revised	March 17, 2011

WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise

Last Updated: March 17, 2011

This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information.