Depression: Detecting Depression

Recognizing depression is often the biggest hurdle to diagnosing and treating depression. Unfortunately, approximately half of the people who experience depression never get diagnosed or treated for their illness. And not getting treatment can be life threatening: More than 10% of people battling depression commit suicide.

How is Depression Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of depression begins with a physical exam by a doctor. There are certain viruses, medicines, and illnesses that can cause depression-like symptoms. The doctor will want to know when your symptoms began, how long they have lasted, and how severe they are. He or she will ask whether you have had similar symptoms before, and about past treatments you may have received. Your family history is important, as is any history of drug or alcohol use. Although there is no test that a mental health expert can use to diagnose depression, there are certain features, which he or she will look for in order to make the proper diagnosis.

If a physical cause for the depression is ruled out, your doctor should consider referring you to a psychiatrist or psychologist for a psychological evaluation. The psychologist or psychiatrist will determine the best course of treatment that may include antidepressants, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. Electroconvulsive therapy is a much improved and viable treatment option for patients who are unable to take antidepressants, or who suffer from extreme depression.

How Do I Know When to Seek Help?

• When depression is negatively affecting your life -- such as causing difficulties with relationships, work issues, or family disputes -- and there isn't a clear solution to these problems, then you should seek help to prevent things from getting worse, especially if these feelings persist for any length of time.
• If you or someone you know is having suicidal thoughts or feelings, seek help immediately.

Reviewed by the doctors at The Cleveland Clinic Department of Psychiatry and Psychology.